Trends in socioeconomic position and diet relationship

描述(由申请人提供)： 认识到社会经济、性别和种族亚群之间的健康差异越来越大，2010年健康人计划将其第二个目标定为消除美国人口中的健康差距。因此，国家癌症研究所的2004财年癌症研究计划和优先事项也规定了目标：“了解癌症健康差距的根本原因，包括社会地位和经济地位的影响……”。与社会经济地位相关的健康差距可能归因于收入、获得医疗保健的机会、环境暴露以及包括饮食在内的健康危险行为。在美国，饮食已被证明与三种主要的死亡原因有关(冠心病、某些癌症和中风)。然而，关于社会经济地位的衡量标准--教育水平、收入、贫困和职业--与多元框架内的饮食属性之间的独立关联，人们知之甚少。此外，目前还没有关于饮食和社会经济地位之间的关联如何随着时间的推移而在美国人群中发生变化的公开信息。因此，这项拟议研究的总体目标是检查：1)社会经济地位的衡量标准与自我报告的饮食质量和饮食摄入量的客观生物标记物之间的独立关联，以及2)1971年至2000年社会经济地位与饮食质量关联的趋势。这项研究将使用1971年至1975年(10,000人)、1976-1980年(10,000人)、1988年至1994年(L 3,000人)和1999年至2000年(3,700人)进行的全国健康和营养检查调查的具有全国代表性的数据，从性别、种族/民族的具体分析中解决这些问题。饮食风险因素是可以干预的，而且饮食是普遍消费的，即使是很小的相对风险也可能对公众健康产生相当大的影响，这一事实突显了饮食风险因素对降低慢性病风险的重要性。这项研究的结果将有助于评估过去在高危人群中促进理想饮食行为改变的努力的有效性，并设计新的策略，以针对与社会经济地位相关的饮食属性。因此，拟议的研究将有助于在实现2010年健康人和国家癌症研究所所述目标方面取得进展。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In recognition of increasing health differential among socioeconomic, gender, and ethnic subgroups, the Healthy People 2010 has set its second goal as elimination of health disparities in the US population. Accordingly, the FY 2004 Plans and Priorities for Cancer Research of the National Cancer Institute has also stated the goal "To understand the fundamental causes of health disparities in cancer, including the influence of social position and economic status...". Socioeconomic position related health disparities may be attributable to income, access to health care, environmental exposures, and health risk behaviors including diet. Diet has been shown to relate to three of the leading causes of death in the US (coronary heart disease, certain cancers, and stroke). However, little is known about the independent association of measures of socioeconomic position-level of education, income, poverty, and occupation--with dietary attributes within a multivariate framework. Also, there is no published information on how the association of diet and socioeconomic position may be changing over time in the US population. Therefore, the overall objectives of the proposed study are to examine: 1) the independent association of measures of socioeconomic position with self-reported diet quality and objective biomarkers of dietary intake, and 2) the trends in the association of socioeconomic position with diet quality from 1971-2000. The study will use nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted in 1971-1975 (n>10,000), 1976-1980 (n>10,000), 1988-1994 (n>l 3,000), and 1999-2000 (n>3700), to address these issues in gender, race/ethnicity specific analyses. The importance of dietary risk factors for decreasing the risk of chronic diseases is underscored by the fact that dietary risk factors are amenable to intervention, and diet is universally consumed and even a small relative risk may have a considerable public health impact. The results of this study will help in evaluating the effectiveness of past efforts at promoting desirable dietary behavior changes in high risk populations and design of newer strategies to target dietary attributes associated with socioeconomic position. The proposed study will thus contribute to progress towards the stated goals of Healthy People 2010 and the National Cancer Institute.