ANTECEDENTS TO HIV RISK BEHAVIORS AMONG DRUG USERS

吸毒者中艾滋病毒风险行为的前因

• 批准号: 6656779
• 负责人: ROBERT Edwin BOOTH
• 金额: $ 6.53万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-08-01 至 2004-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6656779
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; HIV infections; alcoholic beverage consumption; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; crack cocaine; disease /disorder proneness /risk; drug abuse; gender difference; human subject; interpersonal relations; intravenous drug abuse; motivation; needle sharing; personality; psychopharmacology; self concept; sex behavior; social psychology; socioenvironment; substance abuse epidemiology; substance abuse related behavior

Research into the determinants of HIV risk behaviors among injection drug users, including individual, social, environmental and pharmacological factors, has taught us much in the past decade. Few investigations, however, have addressed all of these factors and their inter-relationships. Questions remain about the complex nature of antecedents to risky behavior, such as needle sharing and unprotected sex, in this population. Why are some individuals more likely to engage in risk behaviors than others? Are individual behaviors, such as self efficacy and negotiation skills, more important than social roles and relationships? Do pharmacological factors, such as the physically debilitating nature of heroin addiction have more influence on risk than environmental factors, such as paraphernalia laws? Do drug users differ in their general 'riskiness' compared to non-drug users? We are proposing to conduct a two-phase approach to understanding these issues. The first is a semi-structured qualitative assessment of current IDUs, crack smokers, and individuals who have never used drugs, focusing on antecedents to risk and the context and the circumstances in which risk taking occurs. The second, building on observations from the qualitative study, is a quantitative evaluation of predictors of risk taking, including individual, social, environmental and pharmacological factors. Particular emphasis will be placed on the role that gender plays in accounting for differences in risk. A comparison between current drug users and controls who have never used drugs, looking at differences in personality and psychological and social functioning will also be conducted. Findings from this investigation are intended to lead to the development of interventions that can reduce the occurrence of HIV risk behaviors among injection drug users.

在过去的十年里，对注射吸毒者艾滋病毒危险行为的决定因素的研究，包括个人、社会、环境和药理因素，给了我们很多启示。 然而，很少有调查涉及所有这些因素及其相互关系。 在这一人群中，关于危险行为（如共用针头和无保护的性行为）的前因的复杂性仍然存在疑问。 为什么有些人比其他人更容易从事危险行为？个人行为，如自我效能和谈判技巧，比社会角色和关系更重要吗？ 药物因素，如海洛因成瘾使身体虚弱的性质，比环境因素，如用具法律，对风险的影响更大吗？ 与非吸毒者相比，吸毒者的一般“风险”是否不同？我们建议分两个阶段来理解这些问题。 第一个是半结构化的定性评估，目前注射吸毒者，快克吸烟者，和个人谁从来没有使用过药物，重点是风险的前因和风险发生的背景和情况。 第二，建立在定性研究的观察，是一个定量评估的风险承担，包括个人，社会，环境和药理因素的预测。将特别强调性别在说明风险差异方面的作用。 还将对目前的吸毒者和从未吸毒的对照者进行比较，考察个性、心理和社会功能方面的差异。 调查结果旨在导致干预措施的发展，可以减少注射吸毒者中艾滋病毒风险行为的发生。