Is Trade Liberalisation Pro-Poor and Pro-Gender? The Case of Guyana

贸易自由化是否有利于穷人和性别平等？

• 批准号: 1954021
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Newcastle University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1954021
• 关键词: Trade; Liberalisation; Pro; Poor; Gender

I aim to investigate the impact on poverty and gender of Guyana's trade liberalisation. The research will look in particular at comparing the two biggest agricultural sectors, rice and raw sugar production, where rice has considerable grown in recent times due to trade agreements, whereas sugar has shown a more constant production over time. The comparison will look at the differences across these two sectors that are export oriented, and benchmarked against other non-export oriented agricultural sectors. Census data and household-level surveys data will be used to apply a micro-econometric approach based on quasi-experimental techniques. As women comprise a large proportion of farmers and women are generally poorer than men, this study will shed light also on the interaction between development, trade and gender, contributing to a relatively nascent literature attracting lots of policy attention (e.g. from UNCTAD, the IMF and the World Bank). The impact on wages, employment, family formation, domestic labour-sharing, gender equality and spill-over effects on the next generation (e.g. children's education) and surrounding rural communities will be investigated. This will be the first micro-econometric study for Guyana looking at the impact of trade liberalisation on poverty, labour and gender, and one of the few studies on this topic to look at the rural sector in developing countries, complementing the nascent literature on trade, development and gender that has mostly focussed on the manufacturing sector.

我的目的是调查圭亚那的贸易自由化对贫困和性别的影响。该研究将特别关注比较两个最大的农业部门，即大米和原糖生产，由于贸易协定，大米近年来大幅增长，而糖的产量随着时间的推移而更加稳定。比较将着眼于这两个以出口为导向的部门之间的差异，并以其他非出口导向的农业部门为基准。将利用普查数据和家庭调查数据，采用基于准实验技术的微观计量经济学方法。由于妇女在农民中所占比例很大，而且妇女一般比男子贫穷，本研究报告还将阐明发展、贸易和性别之间的相互作用，有助于形成一个相对较新的文献，吸引了许多政策方面的注意（如贸发会议、货币基金组织和世界银行）。将调查对工资、就业、家庭组成、家务劳动分担、两性平等的影响以及对下一代（例如儿童教育）和周围农村社区的溢出效应。这将是圭亚那第一次对贸易自由化对贫困、劳动力和性别的影响进行微观计量经济学研究，也是关于这一主题的少数几项研究之一，着眼于发展中国家的农村部门，补充了主要侧重于制造业部门的关于贸易、发展和性别的新生文献。