The effects of cognitive load on investigative interviewers' performance

认知负荷对调查访谈员表现的影响

• 批准号: 1956605
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Portsmouth
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1956605
• 关键词: effects; cognitive; load; investigative; interviewers

Accurate and reliable witness testimony is essential to ensure fairness for all in the criminal justice system. International psychological research has explored how information is encoded, retained and recalled by witnesses. This research has provided guidance regarding best practice for conducting optimum witness interviews. However, despite the advice police officers do not, or perhaps cannot, comply with the guidance. This can have serious consequences for criminal justice, as poor interviews may be deemed inadmissible in court or may negatively impact upon perceived witness credibility. During an interview there are numerous attentional demands imposed upon interviewers, for example, listening carefully, evaluating information, deciding on questions to ask, and adhering to the strict guidance. From a psychological perspective, interviewers have limited processing capacity to simultaneously perform these difficult tasks. The effort and attention required to conduct interviews may result in cognitive load and fewer cognitive resources being available for other mental processes. As such, memory failure, susceptibility to bias and poor questioning could arise for interviewers. Investigative interviewers may simply have too much to contend with and cognitive load could contribute to their lack of compliance with guidance. Previous research has explored the effects of cognitive load in diverse settings although how it affects interviewers in forensic settings has, to date, been overlooked. This research programme has been designed to examine cognitive capacity limitations and their impact upon interviewers' performance. The challenges faced by interviewers that may impair their performance and negatively impact upon the quality of witness evidence will be explored.

准确可靠的证人证词对于确保刑事司法系统中所有人的公平至关重要。国际心理学研究探索了目击者如何编码、保留和回忆信息。这项研究为进行最佳证人访谈的最佳实践提供了指导。然而，尽管有建议，警察并没有或可能无法遵守该指导意见。这可能会给刑事司法带来严重后果，因为糟糕的面谈可能会被法庭视为不可接受，或者可能对证人的可信度产生负面影响。在面试过程中，对面试官提出了许多注意力要求，例如仔细倾听、评估信息、决定要问的问题以及遵守严格的指导。从心理学角度来看，访谈员同时执行这些困难任务的处理能力有限。进行访谈所需的努力和注意力可能会导致认知负荷和可用于其他心理过程的认知资源减少。因此，面试官可能会出现记忆力衰退、容易受到偏见和提问不佳的情况。调查访谈员可能有太多的事情需要应对，认知负荷可能导致他们不遵守指导。先前的研究已经探讨了认知负荷在不同环境中的影响，尽管迄今为止，它如何影响法医环境中的采访者却被忽视了。该研究计划旨在检查认知能力限制及其对访谈员表现的影响。将探讨访谈员面临的挑战，这些挑战可能会损害他们的表现并对证人证据的质量产生负面影响。