A Physiological Approach to Examining the Role of Racial Coping on Mental Health Among Black Adolescents

项目总结 种族歧视已被确定为黑人青年的主要社会压力来源1 据报告，90%的黑人青年(8-16岁)至少经历过一次种族歧视。 作为这些接触的结果，黑人青少年经历了种族压力，或与种族有关的交易 个人与他们的环境之间的关系，这些环境被认为是繁重的或威胁到福祉的(例如， 种族微侵犯、威胁伤害或伤害以及目睹对黑人个人的伤害)。3、6种族 压力与抑郁、焦虑和心理痛苦的增加有关。 黑人青少年中种族压力的盛行令人震惊，因为它增加了年轻的可能性 从事危险的性行为和滥用物质。16解决无处不在和无所不在的 黑人青少年及其子女生活中存在种族压力的公共卫生问题 随后的调整，这个NRSA提案的首要目标是利用多种方法 方法(1)了解黑人青少年种族应对的性质，(2)确定文化 预测黑人青少年种族应对的育儿过程，以及(3)检查 种族应对对种族歧视与心理健康关系的弱化作用 (即抑郁、焦虑和压力的症状)。目前对 黑人青少年的种族应对是有限的，因为(1)缺乏生理上的 种族应对措施中的程序，(2)在调查中使用变量中心方法 (3)父母的种族应对中缺乏情绪社会化 社交。预期的发现最终可以为增强和调整当前和 针对黑人青少年的未来种族应对和心理健康干预。当前项目 利用现有的关于黑人青少年情绪调节过程的纵向研究的数据 弗吉尼亚州里士满中学期间(6-8年级)：非洲人情绪调节的灵活性 美国青少年研究(ERFAA；PI：Lozada，美国国家科学基金会职业发展奖：2046607)。ERFAA研究 收集相关数据，使用生理学评估来检验这一建议的具体目标 和自我报告的觉醒和监管，同时观看种族歧视和 自我报告的种族歧视措施经历了抑郁、焦虑和压力症状。 利用以人为中心的方法将通过加强对以下方面的理解来促进文学的发展：(1) 种族应对的个体差异以及(2)这些个体差异如何影响 种族歧视与黑人青少年的心理健康有关。此外，我还将研究一个 一种新的父母社会化观察指标，以考察黑人父母如何传递关于 对种族主义的行为和情感应对预测了黑人青少年的种族应对特征。结果 来自建议的研究最终可以通知增强和剪裁当前和未来 针对黑人青少年的种族应对和心理健康干预。预期的发现已经 黑人青少年人群身心健康发展研究的意义 并与NIMH和NIMHD的关键目标保持一致。具体地说，这项提案包括 对生物、行为和经验因素进行综合调查 发育期，可以让人们了解健康和健康的发展途径 精神变态学。

PROJECT SUMMARY Racial discrimination has been identified as the primary social stressor for Black youth1 where 90% of Black youth (age 8-16) reportedly experienced at least one racial discriminatory encounter.2 As a result of these encounters, Black adolescents experience racial stress, or race-related transactions between individuals and their environment that are perceived as taxing or threaten well-being (e.g., racial microaggressions, threats of harm or injury, and witnessing harm to Black individuals).3,6 Racial stress has been associated with an increase in depression, anxiety, and psychological distress.4 The prevalence of racial stress among Black adolescents is alarming as it increases the likelihood of youth engaging in risky sexual behavior and substance abuse.16To address the pervasive and ubiquitous public health concern of the presence of racial stress in the lives of Black adolescents and their subsequent adjustment, the overarching goal of this NRSA proposal is to utilize a multi-method approach to (1) understand the nature of racial coping among Black adolescents, (2) identify cultural parenting processes that predicts racial coping among Black adolescents, and (3) examine the attenuating effects of racial coping on the association between racial discrimination and mental health (i.e., symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress) among Black adolescents. Present understanding of racial coping among Black adolescents is limited due to (1) the lack of inclusion of physiological processes in racial coping measurement, (2) the use of variable-centered approaches in investigations of racial coping, and (3) the lack of inclusion of emotion socialization in parents’ racial coping socialization. Anticipated findings can ultimately inform the enhancement and tailoring of current and future racial coping and mental health interventions for Black adolescents. The current project leverages data from an existing longitudinal study on Black adolescents’ emotion regulation processes during middle school (grades 6-8) in Richmond, Virginia: Emotion Regulatory Flexibility among African American Adolescents Study (ERFAA; PI: Lozada, NSF CAREER Award: 2046607). The ERFAA study collects relevant data to test the specific aims of this proposal using the assessment of physiological and self-reported arousal and regulation while watching a video vignette of racial discrimination and self-reported measures of racial discrimination experiences depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Utilizing a person-centered approach will advance the literature by enhancing understanding of: (1) individual differences in racial coping and (2) how those individual differences contribute to the ways racial discrimination is associated with Black adolescents’ mental health. Additionally, I will examine a novel observational measure of parents’ socialization to examine how Black parents' messages about behavioral and emotional coping with racism predict Black adolescents’ racial coping profiles. Results from the proposed research can ultimately inform the enhancement and tailoring of current and future racial coping and mental health interventions for Black adolescents. Anticipated findings have implications for mental and physical health development research among Black adolescent populations and align with the key goals of the NIMH, and the NIMHD. Specifically this proposal includes the integrative investigation of biological, behavioral, and experiential factors during an important developmental period that can inform an understanding of the developmental pathways of health and psychopathology.