The Socio-Legal Construction of Organised Crime in Romania

罗马尼亚有组织犯罪的社会法律建设

• 批准号: 1964685
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Essex
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1964685
• 关键词: Socio; Legal; Construction; Organised; Crime

Considering current trends towards global policy and internationalisation of policing serious threats such as terrorism and organised crime (OC), there is need for careful analysis of the benefits and pitfalls of transnational policy. The proposed project will explore how OC was constructed in post-communist Romania and whether current anti-OC strategies are successful in maintaining the stability of the country. Considering the present context in which the role of the EU and its policies are being questioned, this project could help understand how Romanian OC and corruption threaten the stability of Romania and, by extension, that of the EU. Romania's communist past and current EU membership could enable an analysis that goes beyond the US-inspired models of constructing and combating OC, by considering how OC plays out in specific, local ways within Romania. The project will address questions about the extent to which western OC policies were transferred to Romania, how they influenced its activity, and whether current Romanian anti-OC policies are perceived to be effective. I will conduct an ethnography of criminal justice (CJ) agencies involved in anti-OC policing in Romania, qualitative interviews with CJ experts and an analysis of Romanian OC legislation, in order to chart the sociolegal construction of OC in Romania and to discuss the broader effects of CJ policy transference.Research methodsTo answer these questions, I intend to conduct an intensive ethnographic study of CJ agencies involved in anti-OC policing in Romania, such as police investigation teams, anti-OC squads, border police teams, and special intervention teams, for which I have already been granted formal permission and access (endorsement letters available upon request). This rich ethnographic data will enable me to analyse how OC control strategies are actually implemented (RO2) in Romania. I will also examine the socio-legal construction of OC in Romania by analysing OC legislation, legal documents and legislation initiatives in order to chart how the law evolved in Romania. I will also look into cases of corruption and OC prosecuted by the National Anti-Corruption Directorate. This data will help me assess how OC was constructed in Romania and to what degree the country adopted the western paradigm of OC (RO1). Additionally, I will conduct semi-structured interviews with Romanian law-enforcement agents (active now or during the communist period), anti-corruption agents, intelligence officers, legal practitioners, academic researchers and other experts. I also hope to conduct interviews with representatives from regional institutions, like the Southeast European Law Enforcement Center, and to take advantage of departmental links with various European institutions (like EUROPOL, EUROJUST, OLAF, the European Crime Prevention Network and others). This will help me uncover how OC is perceived by various CJ actors and experts (RO3). Proposed scheduleOct 2017-June 2018 Analysis of existing literature; write-up literature review (Essex)Oct 2017-July 2019 Analysis of legislation and official documents/RO1 (Essex)Oct 2017-July 2019 Analysis of court materials/RO1 (Essex)Sept 2018-July 2019 Ethnography/RO2 (Romania)Sept 2018-July 2019 Qual. interviews and transcription/RO3 (Romania)Aug 2019-Sept 2020 Analysis of findings; conclusions; write-up of final thesis (Essex)

考虑到目前的趋势，全球政策和国际化的警务严重威胁，如恐怖主义和有组织犯罪（OC），有必要仔细分析跨国政策的好处和陷阱。拟议的项目将探讨如何在后共产主义罗马尼亚建立OC，以及目前的反OC战略是否成功地维持了国家的稳定。考虑到目前欧盟及其政策的作用受到质疑的背景下，该项目可以帮助了解罗马尼亚OC和腐败如何威胁罗马尼亚的稳定，并通过扩展，欧盟的稳定。罗马尼亚的共产主义过去和目前的欧盟成员国身份可以通过考虑OC如何在罗马尼亚境内以特定的本地方式发挥作用，来进行超越美国启发的构建和打击OC的模式的分析。该项目将解决的问题，西方OC政策转移到罗马尼亚的程度，他们如何影响其活动，以及目前罗马尼亚的反OC政策是否被认为是有效的。我将进行一个民族志的刑事司法（CJ）机构参与反OC警务在罗马尼亚，定性采访CJ专家和罗马尼亚OC立法的分析，以图表OC在罗马尼亚的社会法制建设和讨论CJ政策转移的更广泛的影响。研究方法为了回答这些问题，我打算对罗马尼亚参与反OC警务的CJ机构进行深入的民族志研究，如警察调查队，反OC小队，边境警察队和特别干预队，我已经获得正式许可和访问（可根据要求提供背书信）。这些丰富的人种学数据将使我能够分析OC控制策略在罗马尼亚的实际实施情况（RO 2）。我还将通过分析OC立法，法律的文件和立法倡议来研究OC在罗马尼亚的社会法律的建设，以绘制法律在罗马尼亚的演变。我还将调查国家反腐败局起诉的腐败和组织犯罪案件。这些数据将帮助我评估OC在罗马尼亚是如何构建的，以及该国在多大程度上采用了西方的OC范式（RO 1）。此外，我将与罗马尼亚执法人员（现在或共产主义时期活跃）、反腐败人员、情报官员、法律的从业人员、学术研究人员和其他专家进行半结构化访谈。我还希望采访东南欧执法中心等区域机构的代表，并利用与各欧洲机构（如欧洲刑警组织、欧洲司法组织、欧洲反洗钱局、欧洲犯罪预防网络等）的部门联系。这将帮助我揭示各种CJ演员和专家对OC的看法（RO 3）。拟议时间表2017年10月-2018年6月现有文献分析;撰写文献综述（埃塞克斯）2017年10月-2019年7月立法和官方文件分析/RO 1（埃塞克斯）2017年10月-2019年7月法院材料分析/RO 1（埃塞克斯）2018年9月-2019年7月人种学/RO 2（罗马尼亚）2018年9月-2019年7月Qual.访谈和转录/RO 3（罗马尼亚）2019年8月-2020年9月结果分析;结论;最终论文的撰写（埃塞克斯）