Effects of turbulent flow conditions on performance of wind and tidal turbines

湍流条件对风力和潮汐涡轮机性能的影响

• 批准号: 1984082
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1984082
• 关键词: Effects; turbulent; flow; conditions; performance

The UK is an abundant source of renewable power, especially in the wind and marine energy sectors. Onshore and offshore wind power contributes over 30 terawatt-hours (TWh) of electricity annually, equivalent to the electricity consumption more than 7 million homes. Wave and tidal devices that are currently being tested in the UK waters have a capacity of around 10MW, which is more than the rest of the world combined. All of these power-generating devices and associated moorings and foundations are affected by the turbulent conditions of the flow. These turbulent conditions are not only naturally present in the oncoming wind or water flow but are also generated by individual energy converters as the fluid flows past them. This leads to a turbulent flow regime that has a wide range of important length- and time-scales, which alter the shear profiles and turbulence intensities of the oncoming flow and has tremendous impact on the performance, fatigue and reliability of individual turbines and associated support structures. Turbulent conditions also play a significant role in altering the interaction in an array of devices, which in turn affect the overall energy generation potential of the farm. In this project, the aim is to carry out a series of well-controlled experiments that will allow us to systematically examine the effects of shear and turbulence on all fluid dynamically relevant aspects of renewable energy generation. The goal is to characterise the variations in energy resource availability, power output, thrust, blade loads and the wake development of turbines for a variety of turbulent shear flow conditions. A unique flow facility that will be able to vary the characteristics of shear and turbulence independently will be used to generate different velocity profiles that retain a plethora of realistic flow characteristics. High-fidelity experiments using advanced laser diagnostics will be carried out to understand the interaction between these on-demand and repeatable turbulent shear flows and model-scale turbines, which will then allow us to isolate the effects of shear and turbulence on energy generation. This approach will enable us to validate and improve the current models as well as develop new methods that can identify new locations for energy farms, determine the performance and reliability of individual turbines and predict the output of entire wind and tidal arrays.

英国是可再生能源的丰富来源，尤其是在风和海洋能源部门。陆上和海上风力发电每年贡献30多个电动小时（TWH）的电力，相当于电力消耗量超过700万套房屋。目前在英国水域进行测试的波浪和潮汐装置的容量约为10MW，这比世界其他地区的总和还多。所有这些功率生成的设备以及相关的系泊和基础都受流动湍流条件的影响。这些湍流条件不仅自然存在于迎面而来的风或水流中，而且随着流体流过它们，单个能量转换器也会产生。这导致湍流状态具有广泛的重要长度和时间尺度，它改变了即将到来的流动的剪切曲线和湍流强度，并对单个涡轮机和相关支撑结构的性能，疲劳和可靠性产生巨大影响。湍流条件在改变一系列设备的相互作用方面也起着重要作用，这反过来影响农场的整体能源产生潜力。在这个项目中，目的是进行一系列良好的控制实验，使我们能够系统地检查剪切和湍流对可再生能源产生动态相关方面的所有动态相关方面的影响。目的是表征能源资源可用性，功率输出，推力，刀片负载的变化以及各种湍流剪切流条件的涡轮机开发的变化。一个独特的流动设施将能够独立地改变剪切和湍流的特征，以生成不同的速度剖面，以保留过多现实的流动特性。使用高级激光诊断的高保真实验将进行，以了解这些按需和可重复的湍流剪切流和模型尺度涡轮机之间的相互作用，这将使我们能够隔离剪切和湍流对能量产生的影响。这种方法将使我们能够验证和改善当前模型，并开发新的方法，这些方法可以识别能源农场的新位置，确定单个涡轮机的性能和可靠性，并预测整个风和潮汐阵列的输出。