Behavioral Genetics of Impulsivity

冲动的行为遗传学

• 批准号: 6539136
• 负责人: LYNN A FAIRBANKS
• 金额: $ 26.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-01 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6539136
• 关键词: Cercopithecidae; animal developmental psychology; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; dopamine receptor; dopamine transporter; ethology; family structure /dynamics; gene environment interaction; genetic polymorphism; impulsive behavior; linkage mapping; longitudinal animal study; neurotransmitter metabolism; serotonin transporter; social behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Impulsivity is a common feature of numerous psychological, psychiatric and social problems, including conduct disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, substance abuse, antisocial personality disorder, criminality and violence. Behavioral genetics studies have consistently demonstrated significant genetic contributions to individual differences in personality traits and behavioral outcomes related to impulsivity, and there is increasing evidence that impulsivity and impulsive aggression may be mediated, in part, by activity of the monoaminergic (serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine) neurotransmitter systems. However, little is known about the genetic covariance between behavioral and neurobiological phenotypes, or the role of specific environmental influences in the development of impulsivity within a complex natural social system. Proposed here is a longitudinal study that follows related individuals from infancy to adulthood, collects objective, prospective measures of environmental variables and behavioral phenotypes, and concurrently assesses neurobiological variables in a nonhuman primate model appropriate for quantitative behavioral genetics analysis. Subjects for this research are 725 vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus), living in naturally composed social groups in a multigenerational, pedigreed colony that includes full siblings, maternal and paternal half siblings, and dyads of varying degrees of relatedness. The objectives of this investigation are to a) assess the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to variation in impulsivity at different life stages, b) to determine the contribution of specific early experiences (maternal style, family social status, peer relationships) to variation in impulsivity, and c) to evaluate the role of monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems in mediating genetic influences on impulsivity. To accomplish these objectives we propose to 1) measure individual differences in impulsivity in standardized situations from one year of age to adulthood, 2) collect objective, prospective data on individual experiences during development, 3) assess longitudinal variation in metabolites of serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine in cerebrospinal fluid, and 4) identify genetic polymorphisms at loci in serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways (serotonin transporter, tryptophan hydroxylase, dopamine transporter and dopamine receptor DRD4 genes) for use in candidate gene linkage analysis. The proposed research will provide new information on the genetic, environmental and neurobiological contributions to development of individual differences in a dimension of temperament that is a major risk factor for behavioral, psychological and psychiatric problems.

描述（由申请人提供）：冲动是一个共同的特点， 许多心理、精神和社会问题，包括行为问题 注意缺陷多动障碍，物质滥用，反社会 人格障碍犯罪和暴力行为遗传学研究 一直表现出对个体有显着的遗传贡献 人格特征和行为结果的差异与 越来越多的证据表明，冲动和冲动 攻击可能是介导的，部分，由活动的单胺能 （血清素、多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素）神经递质系统。然而，在这方面， 关于行为和行为之间的遗传协方差， 神经生物学表型，或特定的环境影响的作用， 在一个复杂的自然社会系统中冲动的发展。提出 这是一项纵向研究，从婴儿期到 成年期，收集环境变量的客观，前瞻性措施 和行为表型，并同时评估神经生物学变量 在适合于定量行为遗传学的非人灵长类动物模型中， 分析.本研究以725只长尾猴为研究对象 Aethiops sabaeus），生活在自然组成的社会群体中， 多代，血统殖民地，包括全兄弟姐妹，母亲和 同父异母的兄弟姐妹，以及不同程度的亲缘关系。的 本研究的目的是：a）评估 遗传和环境因素对不同年龄段冲动性的影响 阶段，B）确定具体的早期经验的贡献 （母亲的风格，家庭社会地位，同伴关系）的变化， 冲动性，和c）评估单胺能神经递质的作用 调节遗传对冲动性影响的系统。完成这些 我们提出的目标是：1）测量冲动性的个体差异， 从一岁到成年的标准化情况，2）收集 关于发展过程中个人经历的客观、前瞻性数据，3） 评估5-羟色胺、多巴胺和 脑脊液中的去甲肾上腺素，以及4）鉴定基因多态性 多巴胺能和多巴胺能途径中的位点（5-羟色胺转运蛋白， 色氨酸羟化酶、多巴胺转运蛋白和多巴胺受体DRD 4基因） 用于候选基因连锁分析。该研究将提供 关于遗传、环境和神经生物学贡献的新信息 在气质方面的个体差异的发展， 行为、心理和精神问题的主要危险因素。