BIOMECHANICAL/PSYCHOSOCIAL RISKS FOR LOW BACK DISORDERS

说明： 在职业上，与腰背相关的疾病(LBD)是一种主要的 职业健康问题。这种健康问题的病因很复杂。 也很难被理解。这项拟议的研究调查了 增长中的生物力学工作需求与心理社会工作特点 从事体力材料搬运工作的员工存在LBD风险。尽管有 与这些风险类别中的每一类相关的丰富知识 因素，缺乏对这两个因素进行严格调查的研究 同一工作环境中的风险因素类别。因此，它是 很难估计这些风险类别中的每一个对 与职业相关的LBD的总体风险。 我们假设这两种类型的风险因素都有独立的作用。 对LBDS的风险，以及精神社会工作的特点 当生物力学工作要求适中至 比他们高的时候还低。 这项拟议的研究采用前瞻性队列设计。它显著地 提高这一领域调查的科学严谨性标准 通过：(1)可靠、有效的心理社会测量 工作特点和生物力学工作需求；(2)评估 多个时间点的曝光变量；(3)使用 LBD的结果衡量标准包括经过验证的、高度量化的临床 评估腰部功能状态；以及(4)有足够的力量正式 评估这两个类别的相加和潜在交互影响 风险因素。有了足够的暴露量化，我们将能够 为了准确地估计暴露在多大程度上(包括心理社会和 生物力学)需要减少，以降低LBP风险。我们还将能够 辨别何时以及在什么条件下进行干预以改善 心理社会工作环境可能会减少LBP及其相关 发病率。

DESCRIPTION: Occupationally, related low back disorders (LBDs) represent a major occupational health concern. The etiology of this health problem is complex and poorly understood. The proposed study investigates the role of biomechanical job demands and psycho social work characteristics in increasing LBD risk among employees in manual materials handling jobs. Although there is a wealth of knowledge associated with each of these categories of risk factors, there is a dearth of studies that have rigorously investigated both categories of risk factors in the same work environment. Therefore, it is difficult to estimate the contribution of each of these risk categories to the overall risk for occupationally-related LBDs. We hypothesize that both types of risk factors make independent contributions to the risk of LBDs, and that psycho social work characteristics are more likely to increase risk for LBD when biomechanical job demands are moderate to low than when they are high. The proposed study uses a prospective cohort design. It significantly increases the standard of scientific rigor of investigations in this area through: (1) reliable, valid state-of-the art measures of both psycho social work characteristics and biomechanical job demands; (2) assessments of exposure variables at multiple points in time; (3) the use of an array of outcome measures for LBD including a validated, highly quantifiable clinical assessment of low back functional status; and (4) adequate power to formally assess both additive and potential interactive effects of the two categories of risk factors. With adequate quantification of exposures, we will be able to accurately estimate the extent to which exposures (both psycho social and biomechanical) need to be decreased to reduce LBP risk. We will also be able to discern when and under what conditions an intervention to improve the psycho social work environment will be likely to reduce LBP and its associated morbidity.