SPINE LOADING DURING WHOLE BODY FREE DYNAMIC LIFTING

描述（改编自研究者摘要）：职业性 相关的下背部疾病（LBD）是目前和一直是 损失工作日的主要原因，也是最昂贵的职业 当前工业面临的安全和健康问题。 同样众所周知的 大多数与职业相关的LBD与手工材料有关 处理（MMH）任务。 然而，控制的一个主要限制是， 与职业有关的LBD的发病率是我们无法 准确评估发生在腰椎上的负荷（最 常见的损伤部位） MMH条件，以便将这些载荷与脊柱组织进行比较 公差. 这项工作的长期目标是开发一种方法， 为了准确地评估在实际手术过程中施加在腰椎上的负荷， 工作场所MMH条件。 一个自由动态的三维生物动力学 脊柱的模型已经在生物动力学的发展中 俄亥俄州州立大学的实验室工作了12年。 的 模型考虑了10个主干的集体协同影响 肌肉的三维负荷的脊柱。 的 研究人员已经开发了这个模型， 准确预测自由状态下脊柱的三维载荷， 腰椎的动态弯曲和扭曲。 但这种模式 目前要求受试者被限制在骨盆约束装置中 系统，以便仅允许脊柱在骨盆上方运动。 骨盆的运动会影响长度和速度特性 的躯干肌肉。 因此，尽管该模型很有前途，但它并不 目前适用于大多数工业MMH任务。 这一近期目标 这项工作的一个重要方面是进一步发展这种生物动力学模型， 可用于准确评估全身游离期间的脊柱负荷， 动态（不受限制）提升活动。 这一目标将 通过三个具体目标实现：1）确定如何 一旦允许下半身 2）开发必要的仪器， 根据发生的身体姿势变化适当调整模型 3）验证模型的正确性。 的 这一努力产生的模型将允许准确评估 与MMH相关的LBD的生物力学风险。此外，由于这 模型是针对特定主题的，它将有助于研究 社会心理、工作时间表、工作轮换和 其他工作组织问题。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract): Occupationally related low back disorders (LBDs) are currently and have been the leading cause of lost work days as well as the most costly occupational safety and health problem facing industry today. It is also well known that most occupationally-related LBD is associated with manual materials handling (MMH) tasks. However, a major limitation in controlling the incidence of occupationally-related LBDs is that we have been unable to accurately assess the loading that occurs on the lumbar spine (the most common site of injury) during realistic actual whole-body free-dynamic MMH conditions so that these loadings can be compared to spine tissue tolerances. The long term objective of this work is to develop a means to accurately assess loads imposed upon the lumbar spine during actual workplace MMH conditions. A free-dynamic three-dimensional biodynamic model of the spine has been under development in the Biodynamics Laboratory at the Ohio State University for the past 12 years. The model accounts for the collective co-active influence of 10 trunk muscles upon the three-dimensional loading of the spine. The investigators have developed this model to the point where they can accurately predict three-dimensional loadings of the spine under free- dynamic bending and twisting of the lumbar spine. However, this model currently requires that the subject be confined to a pelvic restraint system so that only motion of the spine above the pelvis is permitted. Motion of the pelvis will affect the length and velocity characteristics of the trunk muscles. Thus, although promising, the model is not currently applicable to most industrial MMH tasks. The immediate goal of this effort is to further develop this biodynamic model so that it can be used to accurately assess spine loading during whole-body free- dynamic (unrestrained) lifting activities. This goal will be accomplished via three specific aims consisting of: 1) determine how the biodynamic model must be changed once the lower body is permitted to move during the lift, 2)develop instrumentation that is necessary to adjust the model appropriately for body posture changes that occur during whole body free-dynamic lifting, and 3) validate the model. The model resulting from this effort will permit the accurate assessment of biomechanical risk of LBD associated with MMH. In addition, since this model is subject specific, it will facilitate research into the biomechanical effects of psychosocial, work schedule, work rotation, and other work organizational issues.