SPINE LOADING DURING WHOLE BODY FREE DYNAMIC LIFTING

描述(改编自《调查员摘要》)：职业 相关的腰背部疾病(LBD)目前和过去都是 损失工作日的主要原因以及成本最高的职业 当今工业面临的安全和健康问题。它也是众所周知的 大多数与职业相关的LBD与手工材料有关 处理(MMH)任务。然而，控制 与职业相关的LBD的发生率是我们一直无法 准确评估腰椎上发生的负荷(最大 常见受伤部位)在真实的实际全身自由动力学过程中 MMH条件，以便可以将这些负荷与脊柱组织进行比较 容忍度。这项工作的长期目标是开发一种方法 为了准确评估在实际工作中施加在腰椎上的负荷 工作场所MMH条件。一种自由动力学三维生物动力学 脊柱模型在生物动力学中一直在开发中 在过去的12年里一直在俄亥俄州立大学的实验室工作。这个 模型解释了10条树干的集体共同影响 肌肉对脊柱的三维加载。这个 调查人员已经将这种模型开发到了他们可以 准确预测脊柱在自由运动状态下的三维载荷 腰椎的动态弯曲和扭转。然而，这种模式 目前要求受试者被限制在骨盆约束下 系统，以便只允许脊椎在骨盆上方运动。 骨盆的运动会影响长度和速度特性 躯干肌肉。因此，尽管这种模式很有希望，但它并不是 目前适用于大多数工业MMH任务。眼前的目标 这项努力的一部分是进一步发展这种生物动力学模型，以便它 可用于准确评估全身自由泳过程中的脊柱负荷 动态的(不受限制的)起重活动。这个目标将是 通过三个具体目标实现：1)确定如何 一旦下半身被允许，生物动力学模型必须改变 在托举过程中移动，2)开发必要的仪器，以 针对发生的身体姿势更改适当调整模型 在全身自由-动态举重过程中，对模型进行验证。这个 这一努力产生的模型将允许准确评估 与MMH相关的LBD的生物力学风险。此外，由于这一点 模型是特定于主题的，它将促进对 心理社会、工作时间表、工作轮换和 其他工作组织问题。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract): Occupationally related low back disorders (LBDs) are currently and have been the leading cause of lost work days as well as the most costly occupational safety and health problem facing industry today. It is also well known that most occupationally-related LBD is associated with manual materials handling (MMH) tasks. However, a major limitation in controlling the incidence of occupationally-related LBDs is that we have been unable to accurately assess the loading that occurs on the lumbar spine (the most common site of injury) during realistic actual whole-body free-dynamic MMH conditions so that these loadings can be compared to spine tissue tolerances. The long term objective of this work is to develop a means to accurately assess loads imposed upon the lumbar spine during actual workplace MMH conditions. A free-dynamic three-dimensional biodynamic model of the spine has been under development in the Biodynamics Laboratory at the Ohio State University for the past 12 years. The model accounts for the collective co-active influence of 10 trunk muscles upon the three-dimensional loading of the spine. The investigators have developed this model to the point where they can accurately predict three-dimensional loadings of the spine under free- dynamic bending and twisting of the lumbar spine. However, this model currently requires that the subject be confined to a pelvic restraint system so that only motion of the spine above the pelvis is permitted. Motion of the pelvis will affect the length and velocity characteristics of the trunk muscles. Thus, although promising, the model is not currently applicable to most industrial MMH tasks. The immediate goal of this effort is to further develop this biodynamic model so that it can be used to accurately assess spine loading during whole-body free- dynamic (unrestrained) lifting activities. This goal will be accomplished via three specific aims consisting of: 1) determine how the biodynamic model must be changed once the lower body is permitted to move during the lift, 2)develop instrumentation that is necessary to adjust the model appropriately for body posture changes that occur during whole body free-dynamic lifting, and 3) validate the model. The model resulting from this effort will permit the accurate assessment of biomechanical risk of LBD associated with MMH. In addition, since this model is subject specific, it will facilitate research into the biomechanical effects of psychosocial, work schedule, work rotation, and other work organizational issues.