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High Power Ultrasonic Devices for Consumer Products

用于消费产品的高功率超声波设备

基本信息

批准号：
2040021
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Strathclyde
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2040021
关键词：
Power Ultrasonic Devices Consumer Products

项目摘要

High power ultrasonic systems (HPUS) operate over a diverse industrial landscape and with a wide range of transducers and system capabilities. The most common use of high power ultrasound is for cleaning, with systems available at the small scale level, for example cleaning jewellery, up to large tanks for industrial scale cleaning. Diversification of applications into ultrasonic reactors for the chemical industry for reaction enhancement is a growth area and ultrasound can be applied in atomisation systems to provide an efficient, controllable spray/mist. Moreover, medical applications of high power ultrasound are also undergoing a significant period of development and acceptance. These techniques have even found their way into the cosmetic surgery world! So, the case has been made that HPUS is a growing sector, but an interesting development is in the consumer product domain where ultrasonic devices are becoming increasingly more common. The programme will be structured around five topics:1. Calibration or characterisation of HPUS. This are solutions for this in reactors or single transducer systems operating into a water load, but they are primarily invasive and/or band limited. For the consumer market products a different approach would have to be adopted, with non-invasive techniques the priority: acoustic emission and air-coupled ultrasonic detection will be investigated as potential solutions.2. It has recently been reported that in addition to the convention three phases of water - gas, liquid, and solid - there exists a fourth phase that occurs at interfaces. The depth of this phase can be controlled through the application of light (UV, visible and IR). Our interest is from a cavitation perspective, where cleaning activity would be at this interface and hence, an investigation on the potential impact that this 4th phase of water would have on the cleaning performance of a high power ultrasonic system would be of interest. This would be an experimental programme considering optical stimulation of an interface and assessing cavitation performance.3. The key component related to performance in a high power ultrasonic system is the active piezoelectric element. There are three main aspects to the transducer design that have to be addressed in order to improve the overall system performance and typically, these are inter-related: piezoelectric material; geometry; and loading/matching materials. However, the most significant is the active material itself and in recent years, advances in piezoelectric materials offer potential for a step change in performance in high power systems for industrial applications. New ternary compositions (e.g. PIN-PMN-PT [2]) have been reported with increased mechanical-Q and higher energy densities which opens new possibilities to produce a new generation of ultrasonic transducer designs with enhanced sensitivity. Importantly, the ternary materials have a curie temperature >100oC, which is sufficient for many commercial applications. A combination of finite element modelling and prototype manufacture/testing will evaluate new designs and configurations and compare to standard conventional high power ultrasonic devices. 4. A significant driver for consumer products would be device miniaturisation. However, this is not a straight-forward process - with smaller devices operating at higher frequencies, which have poorer high power performance (higher cavitation threshold). A comprehensive finite element modelling study will be undertaken considering various piezoelectric material options, piezoelectric geometries and constituent materials. Prototype devices will be fabricated, characterised and tested in the CUE laboratories.5. The application of array technology to provide control of the high power ultrasonic field will be investigated. This approach has been implemented in the biomedical domain (HIFU), but would require lower operating frequencies for typical HPUS applications.

高功率超声波系统（hpu）在不同的工业环境中运行，具有广泛的换能器和系统功能。高功率超声波最常见的用途是清洗，系统可用于小规模水平，例如清洗珠宝，直至用于工业规模清洗的大型储罐。化学工业中用于增强反应的超声波反应器的多样化应用是一个增长领域，超声波可以应用于雾化系统中，以提供高效，可控的喷雾/雾。此外，高功率超声的医疗应用也正处于一个重要的发展和接受时期。这些技术甚至已经进入了整容界！因此，hpu是一个不断增长的领域，但在消费产品领域，超声波设备变得越来越普遍，这是一个有趣的发展。该方案将围绕五个主题进行安排：hpu的校准或表征。这是在反应堆或单换能器系统中运行到水负载中的解决方案，但它们主要是侵入性和/或带宽有限的。对于消费市场的产品，必须采用不同的方法，优先考虑非侵入性技术：声发射和空气耦合超声检测将作为潜在的解决方案进行研究。最近有报道说，除了水的气、液、固三相外，在界面处还存在第四相。这一阶段的深度可以通过应用光（紫外线、可见光和红外线）来控制。我们感兴趣的是从空化的角度来看，清洁活动将在这个界面上，因此，研究第四阶段水对高功率超声波系统的清洁性能的潜在影响将是我们感兴趣的。这将是一个考虑界面光学刺激和评估空化性能的实验程序。在大功率超声系统中，有源压电元件是影响系统性能的关键部件。为了提高整体系统性能，换能器设计必须解决三个主要方面，通常，这些方面是相互关联的：压电材料；几何;和装载/匹配材料。然而，最重要的是活性材料本身，近年来，压电材料的进步为工业应用的大功率系统的性能提供了一个阶梯变化的潜力。据报道，新的三元组合物（例如PIN-PMN-PT[2]）具有更高的机械q和更高的能量密度，这为生产具有增强灵敏度的新一代超声波换能器设计开辟了新的可能性。重要的是，这种三元材料的居里温度在100℃左右，足以满足许多商业应用。有限元建模和原型制造/测试的结合将评估新的设计和配置，并与标准的传统高功率超声波设备进行比较。4. 消费类产品的一个重要推动力将是设备的小型化。然而，这不是一个直截了当的过程-较小的设备在较高的频率下工作，其高功率性能较差（较高的空化阈值）。一个全面的有限元建模研究将进行考虑各种压电材料的选择，压电几何和组成材料。原型设备将在CUE实验室制造、表征和测试。研究了阵列技术在高功率超声场控制中的应用。这种方法已经在生物医学领域（HIFU）中实现，但对于典型的hpu应用来说，需要更低的工作频率。