Lubricant-surface system mitigating in-cylinder friction

承载表面摩擦学的新兴现代方法是将结合部视为润滑剂-表面系统。这与传统的非综合方法相反，在传统的非综合方法中，润滑剂流变性是根据其承载能力、剪切特性和添加剂包来确定的，以满足一般的要求。在磨损特性、疲劳强度和设想的形貌方面，例如在涂层的制备、沉积方法、微观结构属性、涂层厚度、机械性能和形貌测量方面，表面制备也是如此。最近的详细研究清楚地表明，润滑剂分子种类与表面形貌和表面粗糙度之间的相互作用，机械性能在超薄吸附膜的形成中起关键作用，所述超薄吸附膜在细节尺度上影响润滑剂-表面系统的摩擦化学和粘附特性。这些特征通过大量尚未从根本上理解的现象转化为摩擦的微观尺度观察，这些现象也受到接触运动学，负载和热力学等操作条件的影响。显然，系统动力学的及时综合研究，摩擦学（跨尺度物理学）和物理化学分子/原子相互作用是必要的，以了解多尺度多-润滑剂-表面系统的物理性质。

The emerging modern approach to tribology of load bearing surfaces is to treat theconjunction as a lubricant-surface system. This is contrary to the traditional non-integrated approaches where lubricant rheology is determined according to its load carrying capacity, shear characteristics and an additive package to service a host of requirements in general terms. The same has also been true of surface preparation in terms of wear characteristics, fatigue strength and envisaged topography, for example in preparation of coatings, method of deposition, micro-structural attributes, coating layer thickness, mechanical properties and topographical measures.However, recent detailed studies clearly demonstrate that the interactions between the lubricant molecular species and surface topographical and physic-mechanical properties play keys in the formation of ultra-thin adsorbed films which affect the trib0-chemical and adhesive characteristics of the lubricant-surface system at the scale of minutiae. These characteristics are translated to micro-scale observation of friction, through a plethora of not fundamentally understood phenomena, which are also affected by operating conjunctional conditions such as contact kinematics,loading and thermodynamics.Clearly, a timely integrated combined study of system dynamics, tribology (across the physics of scale) and physical chemistry molecular/atomic interactions is necessary to understand the multi-scale multi-physics nature of the lubricant-surface system.