Predicting Positive Outcomes Among Peer-Rejected Girls

描述：童年时期的同伴排斥与大量的 当前和未来的负面结果：攻击行为、抑郁、 犯罪、药物滥用和辍学。尽管遭到一些同行的拒绝 孩子们会避免这些负面结果，对此我们知之甚少 子组。拟议的研究旨在弥补这一知识差距。 具体来说，一些被同伴排斥的孩子与成年人相处得很好。 其他被同侪拒绝的孩子会在不参与的情况下进行有目标的单独游戏。 与同龄人。我假设这两个儿童小组会表现出 积极的结果，因为他们可以与成年人交谈或自己玩耍 与同龄人交往的替代方案；积极的情绪会调解 与大人人气的关系！参与单独游戏和 被同伴拒绝的儿童取得积极成果。患有以下疾病的儿童样本 注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 以及没有 ADHD 的患者都会 进行了调查，因为多动症与同伴拒绝高度相关，因此 样本将允许比较多动症和非多动症儿童之间的过程。 受试者将是 149 名年龄在 6 至 12 岁之间的女孩，其中 60% 有 ADHD，在自然主义夏令营中进行评估。客观观察 单独玩耍和攻击行为，对抑郁症和抑郁症患者进行可靠的个人访谈 焦虑情绪，同时使用同伴和成人对社会地位的评价 有效区分亚组并评估心理问题。科目 将在训练营四年后进行随访，并给予适合年龄的 精神病理学的测量，包括身体形象不满意的测量 以前没有将其作为被同伴拒绝或多动症儿童的结果进行检查。 将使用分层多元回归分析来检验假设。的 总体目标是揭示精神病理学的中介者和调节者 被同伴排斥的儿童，在为干预措施做出贡献时即将结束 该群体面临负面结果的风险。

DESCRIPTION: Peer rejection in childhood is associated with a large number of negative outcomes, both concurrent and future: aggressive behavior, depression, delinquency, substance abuse and school drop-out. Although some peer-rejected children avoid these negative outcomes, little is known regarding this subgroup. The proposed research seeks to redress this gap in knowledge. Specifically, some peer-rejected children get along very well with adults. Other peer-rejected children engage in goal-directed solitary play when not with peers. I hypothesize that these two subgroups of children will show positive outcomes because they can talk to adults or play by themselves as an alternative to socializing with peers; positive emotion will mediate the relationship between popularity with adults! engagement in solitary play and positive outcomes in peer-rejected children. A sample of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well as without ADHD will be investigated, because ADHD is highly associated with peer rejection and such a sample will allow comparison of processes between ADHD and non-ADHD children. Subjects will be 149 girls between the ages of 6-12, 60 percent of whom have ADHD, assessed in a naturalistic summer camp. Objective observations of solitary play and aggression, reliable individual interviews of depressed and anxious mood, and both peer and adult appraisal of social status will be used to validly differentiate subgroups and assess psychological problems. Subjects will be followed-up four years after the camps and given age-appropriate measures of psychopathology, including measures of body image dissatisfaction not previously examined as an outcome for peer-rejected or ADHD children. Hypotheses will be tested using hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The overall goal is to uncover mediators and moderators of psychopathology among peer-rejected children, towards the end of contributing to interventions for this group at risk for negative outcomes.