SELF EVALUATION AND ENDOCRINE/IMMUNE RESPONSES TO STRESS

自我评估和内分泌/免疫对压力的反应

• 批准号: 6538348
• 负责人: TARA LYNN GRUENEWALD
• 金额: $ 2.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-04-01 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6538348
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cortisol; cytokine receptors; emotions; endocrine gland /system; human subject; leukocyte activation /transformation; lipopolysaccharides; macrophage; psychological stressor; psychoneuroimmunology; self concept; tumor necrosis factor alpha

Past research has shown that stressful events can alter neuroendocrine and immune functioning, and may be associated with increased susceptibility to certain diseases. In an effort to more fully understand these relationships, researchers have sought to identify the cognitive and affective mediators that intervene between the stressful situation and biological and health outcomes, as well as individual difference factors thought to modify stress reactivity. This proposal is concerned with the role of a particular psychological domain, that of the self, in individuals' responses to stressful events. Specifically, the proposed program of research will examine self-evaluative threat as a mediator of stress-induced changes in endocrine (cortisol) and immune (macrophage) parameters. In addition, the role of an individual difference factor, that of trait self- esteem, will be examined as a moderator of these processes. To chance the ability to examine self evaluative processes in stress reactions, individuals' responses to stressful performance situations will be studied, in which success and failure performance will be manipulated in the context of an experimental stressor, and measured during a naturalistic stressor, that of taking the Graduate Record Exam. Success and failure is expected to elicit different patterns of self-evaluation (positive v. negative), which result in differing cognitive self-appraisal and self-specific affective responses, and subsequent changes in cortisol, and macrophage immune activity. Trait self-esteem is also expected to moderate these processes. This program of research will more early define the role of the self in individuals' biological reactions to common experimental and naturalistic stressors.

过去的研究表明，压力事件可以改变神经内分泌和免疫功能，并可能与某些疾病的易感性增加有关。为了更全面地了解这些关系，研究人员试图确定干预压力情况与生物和健康结果之间的认知和情感介质，以及被认为可以改变压力反应的个体差异因素。这一建议关注的是一个特定的心理领域，即自我，在个人对压力事件的反应中的作用。具体而言，拟议的研究计划将检查自我评价的威胁作为一个调解员的压力引起的内分泌（皮质醇）和免疫（巨噬细胞）参数的变化。此外，一个个体差异因素的作用，即特质自尊，将作为这些过程的调节剂进行检查。为了检验压力反应中自我评价过程的能力，将研究个体对压力表现情境的反应，其中成功和失败的表现将在实验压力源的背景下被操纵，并在自然主义压力源中被测量，即参加研究生入学考试。成功和失败被期望引起不同的自我评价模式（阳性对阴性），这导致不同的认知自我评价和自我特异性情感反应，以及皮质醇和巨噬细胞免疫活性的后续变化。特质自尊也有望缓和这些过程。这项研究计划将更早地定义自我在个人对常见实验和自然主义压力源的生物反应中的作用。