Prospective MRI Study of Hippocampal Volume in PTSD-II

PTSD-II 患者海马体积的前瞻性 MRI 研究

• 批准号: 6431159
• 负责人: ARIEH Y SHALEV
• 金额: $ 11.86万
• 依托单位: HADASSAH-HEBREW UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-07-01 至 2003-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6431159
• 关键词: Israel; brain injury; brain morphology; clinical research; hippocampus; human subject; longitudinal human study; magnetic resonance imaging; neurobiology; neuropsychological tests; patient oriented research; posttraumatic stress disorder; prefrontal lobe /cortex; psychophysiology; trauma

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent animal and human studies suggest that mental stress may damage the brain. Reduced hippocampal volume has been reported in several cross-sectional studies of PTSD. Optimally, this phenomenon should be studied prospectively, by measuring brain structures in the same individuals prior to, or immediately following, the traumatic event, and again some time after the development of the disorder. The PI?s prospective study of hippocampal volume in PTSD performed at Hadassah University Hospital in Jerusalem, Israel (of which the proposed project represents a competing continuation) found that trauma survivors who developed PTSD did not differ from those who do not with regard to the volume of their hippocampi one week and six months after the traumatic event. These data refute a "vulnerability" hypothesis, according to which smaller hippocampi represent a risk factor for PTSD upon traumatic exposure. However, these data do not definitively refute an "acquisition" hypothesis, because damage to the hippocampus may take more than six months to develop. The main goal of this study is to extend the follow-up period of the previous study by re-evaluating hippocampal volume four years later and comparing these measurements with those obtained at one week. Additionally, the proposed study will evaluate the volume of the prefrontal lobe, which is a brain area that mediates attention and executive cognitive functions found to be impaired in PTSD. Prefrontal structural abnormalities have been reported in other mental disorders but have not yet been studied with regard to PTSD. The study will evaluate four-year post-trauma magnetic resonance (MR) images of the brain in subjects for whom one-week and six-month images are already available. These images will be subjected to volumetric analyses of hippocampus and prefrontal lobe at the Brigham and Women?s Hospital in Boston by the US co-PI, a leader in this field. The data will be tested regarding the "acquisition" hypothesis for hippocampus, and the "vulnerability" hypotheses for prefrontal lobe. Demonstrating pre-existing neuroanatomic risk factors, or progressive damage to the brain, in individuals with PTSD could have important implications for understanding the disorder, and for interventions aimed at preventing its transformation into a chronic, unremitting condition.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近的动物和人体研究表明， 精神压力会损害大脑海马体积的减少 在几项创伤后应激障碍的横断面研究中报告。最理想的情况是，这种现象 应该进行前瞻性研究，通过测量大脑结构， 在创伤事件发生之前或之后， 一段时间后的发展障碍。私家侦探？的前瞻性研究 在哈达萨大学医院进行的创伤后应激障碍的海马体积 以色列耶路撒冷（其中拟议项目代表一个竞争项目 继续）发现，创伤幸存者谁发展创伤后应激障碍没有差异， 从那些谁没有关于他们的电子书的体积一个星期 也就是创伤事件发生六个月后这些数据驳斥了“漏洞” 假设，根据该假设，较小的campi代表一个风险因素， 创伤后应激障碍。然而，这些数据并不能完全否定 “获得”假说，因为海马体的损伤可能需要超过 六个月的开发。本研究的主要目的是延长随访时间， 通过重新评估海马体积， 并将这些测量结果与一周后获得的测量结果进行比较。 此外，拟议的研究将评估前额叶的体积， 叶，这是一个大脑区域，介导的注意力和执行认知 在创伤后应激障碍中发现功能受损。前额叶结构异常 在其他精神疾病中也有报道，但尚未进行研究。 关于PTSD这项研究将评估创伤后四年的磁共振成像。 研究对象的脑部核磁共振（MR）图像，这些对象分别接受了一周和六个月的 图像已经可用。这些图像将进行体积分析 海马体和前额叶的分析医院 在波士顿由美国合作PI，在这一领域的领导者。数据将被测试 关于海马体的“习得”假说，以及“脆弱性”， 前额叶假说证明预先存在的神经解剖学风险 创伤后应激障碍患者的大脑进行性损伤的因素， 对理解这种疾病有着重要的意义， 旨在防止其转变为一种慢性、 不懈的条件。