Investigating climate change via the atmosphere: Using multi-species greenhouse gas measurements to shed light on Earth System land, ocean and atmosph

在现场长期大气温室气体测量社区的一个主要问题是，我们坐在大量的测量数据集上，没有时间或资源来检查它们。相反，我们忙于保持测量的运行，因为它们必须每天24小时，每周7天，一年365天运行——这与大多数大气科学家非常不同，他们的工作模式是启停式的，因此有机会“喘口气”，分析他们的数据和写论文。这个问题在我们的社区中已经存在了至少几十年，严重阻碍了科学的进步，并且在东英吉利大学/环境大学也成为一个日益严重的问题。因此，这个博士研究生的目的是采取措施，在东英吉利大学/环境大学层面解决这个问题。这将通过让学生不专注于运行活动，设置新的仪器，或建立一个新的测量站（就像我们以前的学生所做的那样），而是利用我们现有的数据集来实现。其中包括，在韦伯恩，9年的CO2， O2， CO和H2的记录，4年的CH4记录，以及3年的N2O和SF6记录。除了韦伯恩，我们还有梅斯黑德（爱尔兰西海岸）的二氧化碳和O2数据集，从德国到阿根廷连续航行的集装箱船的二氧化碳、O2和CH4数据集，以及南极洲哈雷研究站的二氧化碳、O2、CH4、N2O和CO数据集。这个项目在很大程度上是一个数据挖掘练习，并且故意没有规定性。学生将有机会看到数据将他们引向何处，并追求自己的兴趣。但与此同时，监督团队将给予强有力的指导和指导，以确保学生不会陷入困境，并确保他们选择的道路既可行，又可在同行评议的文献中发表。韦伯恩是英国唯一的大气站，是欧盟“综合碳观测系统- ICOS”的一部分，这对东英吉利大学来说是一个重大的成功，它不仅为我们提供了一个充满活力的国际社区，而且还为学生提供了来自整个ICOS网络（欧洲约30个大气站）的大气数据集。此外，ICOS-Atmosphere每年举行两次会议，我们强烈建议学生参加每二次会议，即每年一次。这将使学生能够与欧洲和英国的同事建立关系，并与研究类似主题的其他博士生建立联系。存在多种培训机会，例如，英国气象局为他们的“NAME”大气运输模型举办培训讲习班，ICOS为博士生举办温室气体暑期学校。最后，学生还将负责维护韦伯恩的一些仪器，特别是目前没有任何研究经费覆盖的仪器。这将拓宽学生的可转移技能，因为学生将获得对最先进仪器的理解。学生还将获得气体处理和复杂校准程序的详细知识和理解。

A major problem in the in-situ, long-term atmospheric greenhouse gas measurement community is that we are sitting on a wealth of measurement data sets, with no time or resources to examine them. Instead we are too busy keeping the measurements running, as they must run 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year - this is very different from most atmospheric scientists, who operate in start-stop campaign mode, and therefore have opportunities to 'catch their breath', analyse their data and write papers. This problem, which has existed for at least a couple of decades in our community, significantly hinders scientific advancement, and is also becoming a growing problem at UEA/ENV. Therefore, this PhD studentship aims to take steps to address this problem at the UEA/ENV-level. This will be achieved by having a studentship focussed not on running campaigns, setting up new instrumentation, or establishing a new measurement station (as our previous students have done), but rather, exploiting the existing data sets that we have. These include, at Weybourne, 9-year records of CO2, O2, CO and H2, a 4-year record of CH4, and 3-year records of N2O and SF6. In addition to Weybourne, we have data sets of CO2 and O2 from Mace Head (west coast of Ireland), CO2, O2 and CH4 from a container ship travelling continuously from Germany to Argentina, and CO2, O2, CH4, N2O and CO from Halley Research Station, Antarctica. This project is very much a data mining exercise, and is deliberately not prescriptive. The student will have the opportunity both to see where the data leads them, and to chase their own interests. But at the same time, strong direction and guidance will be given by the supervisory team, to ensure that the student does not flounder, and to ensure that their chosen path is both feasible and publishable in the peer-reviewed literature.Weybourne is the UK's only atmospheric station that is a part of the European Union's 'Integrated Carbon Observation System - ICOS', a major coup for UEA, which provides us access not only to a vibrant international community, but also gives the student access to the atmospheric data sets from the entire ICOS network (~30 atmospheric stations across Europe). In addition, ICOS-Atmosphere holds twice-yearly meetings, and we strongly encourage the student to attend every second meeting, that is, annually. This would allow the student to establish relationships with European and UK colleagues, as well as meet a network of other PhD students researching similar topics. Multiple training opportunities exist, for example, the Met Office holds training workshops for their 'NAME' atmospheric transport model, and ICOS hold summer schools on greenhouse gases for PhD students. Finally, the student will also be responsible for maintaining some of the instrumentation at Weybourne, specifically that instrumentation not presently covered by any research grants. This will broaden the student's transferable skills, as the student will obtain an understanding for state-of-the-art instrumentation. The student will also acquire detailed knowledge and understanding of gas handling and complex calibration procedures.