Molecular Neurodevelopment: An In Vivo 31P-1H MRSI Study

本项目的目标是从6-18岁的正常儿童和青少年的代表性人群中获得性别平衡的神经发育31 P和1H磁共振波谱成像（31 P-1H MRSI）分子和代谢规范数据库。 每个感兴趣体积（体素）的分子/代谢值将与同一体素中的灰质、白色物质和脑脊液（CSF）百分比相关。 个体体素将包括（右侧和左侧）前额叶皮质、上级颞叶皮质、下顶叶皮质、枕叶皮质、基底神经节、半卵圆中心和丘脑。 选择这些区域，以便包括初级感觉区域（枕叶和部分上级颞叶皮质）、异模态联合区域（前额叶、下顶叶和部分上级颞叶皮质）、皮质下灰质（基底神经节和丘脑）和白色物质（半卵圆中心）。 检查这些区域作为年龄和性别的函数将使我们能够确定正常神经发育对具有不同功能的大脑区域的分子/代谢测量的影响。 31 P MRS提供了膜磷脂和高能磷酸盐代谢的测量，1H MRS提供了谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、牛磺酸、N-乙酰天冬氨酸（NAA）（神经元功能完整性的潜在标志物）和肌肌醇（潜在神经胶质标志物）的额外测量。 受试者将接受标准化神经发育成套测试，以确保队列代表正常的认知发育，并将每年接受儿科体格检查，包括坦纳分期。标准化神经发育成套测试将在入组、2年和4年时完成。 在进入研究后，每年对受试者进行纵向31 P-1H MRSI和单体素1H MRS随访，持续4年，将用于生成脑/代谢测量的神经发育曲线。

The goal of this project is to acquire a gender- balanced, neurodevelopmental 31P and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (31P-1H MRSI) molecular and metabolic normative database from a representative population of normal children and adolescents ages 6-18 years. The molecular/metabolic values for each volume of interest (voxel) will be correlated with the percent grey matter, white matter and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) in the same voxel. The individual voxels will include the (right and left) prefrontal cortex, superior temporal cortex, inferior parietal cortex, occipital cortex, basal ganglia, centrum semiovale and thalamus. These areas are chosen so as to include areas of primary sensory (occipital and part of superior temporal cortices), heteromodal association (prefrontal, inferior parietal, and part of superior temporal cortices), subcortical grey (basal ganglia and thalamus) and white matter (centrum semiovale). Examining these areas as a function of age and gender will enable us to determine the effects of normal neurodevelopment on the molecular/metabolic measures of brain areas with different functions. 31P MRS provides measures of membrane phospholipid and high-energy phosphate metabolism and 1H MRS provides additional measures of glutamate, glutamine, taurine, N-acetylaspartate (NAA), a potential marker of neuronal functional integrity, and myo- inositol, a potential glial marker. Subjects will have a standardized neurodevelopmental test battery to assure the cohort is representative of normal cognitive development, and will have yearly pediatric physical examinations, including Tanner staging. The standardized neurodevelopmental test battery will be completed at entry, 2, and 4 years. Longitudinal 31P-1H MRSI and single voxel 1H MRS follow-up of the subjects yearly for 4 years after entry into study will be used to generate neurodevelopmental curves for brain/metabolic measures.