CORE--NEUROPATHOLOGY

神经病理学（NP）核心为匹兹堡ADRC提供完整的脑库和神经病理学诊断服务。为了确保在短时间内收获高质量的组织，尸体解剖是在24小时的基础上进行的，过去四年的平均尸体解剖时间约为4小时。解剖时，大脑矢状一分为二。右半脑被解剖并广泛取样（冷冻样本库），左半脑被固定在10%的缓冲福尔马林中。固定后，左脑密集取样进行NP诊断测试，包括H&E、刚果红免疫细胞化学（β - a4淀粉样蛋白、tau蛋白、α -突触核蛋白和泛素）和银染色（Bielschowsky）。左半脑的显微分析是根据目前NIA的建议进行的，包括神经原纤维纠缠密度的分期（Braak分期），并遵循CERAD的采样和半定量方案。根据McKeith等人的共识标准描述路易小体病理。NP Core最近开始使用α -突触核蛋白染色来评估路易小体的存在。对脑库进行分类并与NP诊断相关联，以便为ADRC和其他研究人员提供具有良好特征的组织。每季度向调查人员发布一次，提醒他们注意银行病例的可用性和诊断。储存的组织样本用唯一的NP Core银行标识符编码，该标识符不允许调查人员识别患者，但是，提供了一个链接（通过雨库，雨库将密钥保存在一个安全的通行证-工作链接文件上，只有NP Core人员可以访问）。研究者还被提供了额外的非识别信息（年龄、性别、死后时间等）。只有经过ADRC执行委员会和Wiley博士的审查和批准，并要求IRB批准研究方案后，研究者才能获得组织和数据。NP诊断和2-3页的叙述性报告将在死亡后一个月内提供给ADRC数据库和家属。截至1998年，NP核心库每年约有50例ADRC尸体解剖。此外，对照脑已被储存和表征相同的协议，包括显微神经病理学评估。核心包含参考实验室（包括Ar/Kr激光共聚焦显微镜和Image 1工作站），用于开发滞留和定量分析。

The Neuropathology (NP) Core provides complete brain banking and neuropathology diagnostic services for the Pittsburgh ADRC. To assure harvesting of excellent quality tissues with short post-mortem times, autopsies are performed are performed on a 24 hour basis and the average post-mortem time over the past four years is approximately 4 hours. The brain is bisected sagittally at the time of autopsy. The right half is dissected and extensively sampled (frozen samples banking, the left half of the brain is fixed in 10% buffered formalin. After fixation the left hemi-brain is intensely sampled for NP diagnostic tests including H&E, Congo Red immunocytochemical (beta-A4 amyloid, tau, alpha-synuclein, and ubiquitin) and silver stains (Bielschowsky). Microscopic analysis of the left hemi-brain is performed according to current NIA- recommendations which includes staging of neurofibrillary tangle density (Braak staging) and follows CERAD protocols for sampling and semi- quantitation. Lewy Body pathology is described per the consensus criteria of McKeith et. al. The NP Core has recently initiated use of alpha- synuclein staining to assess for the presence of Lewy bodies. The brain bank is catalogued and correlated with NP diagnoses to make available well characterized tissues to ADRC and other investigators. Quarterly are issued to investigators to alert them to the availability and diagnoses of banked cases. Banked tissue samples are coded with a unique NP Core banking identifier which does not allow investigators to identify the patient, however, provides a link (through the rain bank which maintains the key on a secure pass-work linked file, with access only by NP Core personnel). Investigators are also provided with additional non- identifying information (age, sex, post-mortem time race, etc.) Tissues and data are made available to investigators only after review and approval by the ADRC Executive Committee and Dr. Wiley and requires IRB approval of the research protocol. NP diagnoses and a 2-3 page narrative report are supplied to the ADRC database and families within one month of death. As of 1998 the NP core banks approximately 50 ADRC autopsies per year. Additionally, control brains have been banked and characterized by identical protocols including microscopic neuropathologic evaluation. The core contains reference laboratory (including a Ar/Kr laser confocal microscope and Image 1 workstation) for development of detained and quantitative analyses.