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Instrumentation for in-situ exploration of Europa

木卫二原位勘探仪器

基本信息

批准号：
2106091
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Southampton
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2106091
关键词：
Instrumentation situ exploration Europa

项目摘要

The in-situ exploration of Europa is a high priority for future space exploration missions. In 2015, NASA issued a community announcement encouraging scientists to investigate the possibilities of scientific instrumentation compatible with a Europa lander mission operating for approximately one month. This Europa lander mission proposed by NASA is in its conceptual stage.Jupiters moon Europa is one of the main focus points for the exploration of potentially habitable worlds and astrobiology. This is due to its sub-surface saline ocean strongly believed to be in contact with a rocky silicate ocean floor. Such an environment could potentially provide an ideal chemistry and energy balance, not unlike the Earths ocean floor, to harbour life in the ocean on Europa.This research project will focus on miniaturizing instrumentation to explore the physical and chemical properties of Europa. As with most space missions, the mass and size of the instruments on board a spacecraft exploring the Jovian system are the main constraints and key parameters for such a mission, which is why minimizing these is an extremely important step towards a successful Europa in-situ exploration mission. Additionally, miniaturized instruments exploring the physical and chemical properties necessary for life or chemical signs of biological processes in the icy crust of Europa could also be applicable and appealing for other interplanetary missions such as searching for life in the polar caps on Mars or other icy moons such as Enceladus.

对木卫二的实地探索是未来空间探索任务的一个高度优先事项。2015年，NASA发布了一份社区公告，鼓励科学家们研究与木卫二着陆器使命兼容的科学仪器的可能性，该着陆器将运行大约一个月。这个由美国宇航局提出的欧罗巴着陆器使命正处于概念阶段，它的卫星欧罗巴是探索潜在宜居世界和天体生物学的主要焦点之一。这是由于其表面下的盐水海洋强烈认为是在与岩石硅酸盐洋底接触。这样的环境可能提供理想的化学和能量平衡，与地球的海底不同，可以在木卫二的海洋中庇护生命。这个研究项目将集中在探测木卫二物理和化学性质的仪器上。与大多数空间飞行任务一样，探测木星系统的航天器上的仪器的质量和大小是这种使命的主要限制和关键参数，这就是为什么尽量减少这些是成功的木卫二原位探测使命的极其重要的一步。此外，探索生命所需的物理和化学特性或欧罗巴冰壳中生物过程的化学迹象的小型仪器也可能适用于其他行星际任务，例如在火星或其他冰卫星（如土卫二）的极冠中寻找生命。