Redistribution of arsenic and other contaminants at sites in New Jersey and Maine

砷在地下水中的行为反映了地下水补给动力学中含水层中存在的氧化还原条件、与颗粒表面的相互作用、特定的矿物相。我们建议在两个超级基金的网站与As污染，这两个将是积极的地下水处理，通过我们的调查期间的实地研究。新泽西州南部的Vineland Chemical Company（ViChem）工厂在50多年的时间里，经历了至少数百吨废物AS分散到地表油、含水层、地下水地表沃茨，以及远离原始含砷除草剂和杀真菌剂生产设施下游的河流、湖泊和河口沉积物中。我们的策略将是检查这种改变的流量方案的补给动力学，主要是通过分析样品监测威尔斯井已经存在于环境中的示踪剂，并与行为的As和其他氧化还原敏感的物种，这些变化。作为我们调查的一部分，我们将分析地下水的3 H/3 He，总[As]，As形态Fe，Mn，NO3，SO 4，O2，PO 4/3-，Si（OH）4，Ph，Eh和主要元素化学。将定期收集样品，以检查关键控制作为溶解度和地下As运输的动力学。我们将收集和分析一系列的沉积物岩心在联合湖，以重建的历史，作为迁移下游，并估计比例的沉积物库存动员向上向沉积物表面。在温斯洛普（ME）垃圾填埋场将进行一组类似的地下水测量，旨在阐明对As行为的控制。这种强烈减少羽源尚未得到解决，但从周围的自然土壤动员似乎是一个重要的可能性，这表明类似的羽流可能会发生在许多其他垃圾填埋场。与Vineland站点不同，温斯洛普的水文地质非常复杂，因为水力传导率的空间变异性很大。我们建议，以更好地约束地下水的流动制度，采用地球物理调查技术（探地雷达和电阻率），除了3 H/3 He。我们将通过沿着填埋场下方的流动路径的地球化学演化和追踪用SF6标记的回注水羽流的成分来研究As的活化过程。我们的研究将有助于更好地了解过程中的影响As输运在不同的地球化学条件下，从氧化到高度还原。他们也可能有助于提高效率的补救在一些超级基金网站目前正在调查。

Arsenic behavior in the subsurface reflects redox conditions, interactions with particle surfaces, specific minerals phases present in the aquifer in the groundwater recharge dynamics. We propose field studies at two Superfund sites with As contamination, both of which will be under active groundwater treatment through the period of our investigation. The Vineland Chemical Company (ViChem) site in southern NJ, experienced dispersal of at least hundreds of tones of waste AS over five decades into surface oils, aquifer formations, groundwater surface waters, plus stream, lake, and estuary sediments far downstream from the original arsenical herbicide and fungicide production facilities. Our strategy will be to examin4e recharge dynamics of this altered flow regimen, primarily through analyzing samples from monitoring wells for tracers already present in the environment and to relate behavior of As and other redox sensitive species to those changes. As part of our investigation, we would analyze groundwater for 3H/3He, total [As], As speciation Fe, Mn, NO3, SO4, O2, PO4/3-, Si(oh)4, Ph, Eh and major element chemistry. Samples would be collected periodically, to examine critical controls on As solubility and dynamics of subsurface As transport. We will collect and analyze a series of sediment cores in Union Lake in order to reconstruct the history of As migration downstream, and to estimate the proportion of As sediment inventory mobilized upward towards the sediment surface. A similar set of groundwater measurements, directed at elucidating controls on As behavior, would be conducted at the Winthrop (ME) Landfill site. Sources of As to this strongly reducing plume are unresolved, but mobilization from surrounding natural soils appears to be a significant possibility, suggesting that similar As plumes could occur at many other landfills. Differing from the Vineland site, the hydrogeology at Winthrop is very complex due to large spatial variability of hydraulic conductivity. We propose to better constrain the groundwater flow regime by employing geophysical survey techniques (ground penetrating radar and resistivity) in addition to 3H/3He. We will study As mobilization processes by following the geochemical evolution along a flow path underneath the landfill and by tracing the compositions of a plume of re- injected water labeled with SF6. Our studies will contribute to a better understanding of the processes affecting As transport under different geochemical conditions ranging from oxidizing to highly reducing. They could potentially also contribute to an increase in efficiency of As remediation at a number of Superfund sites currently under investigation.