Rapid miniaturized sensors for the dectection of environmental toxins

加州戴维斯大学的超级基金项目已经对许多环境有害物质进行了分析。这些生物测定在快速、多分析物仪器中的应用需要在生物传感器项目中开展进一步的工作。最初，工程的表面微粒系统将进行阿特拉津和代谢物的模型分析。抗体的小点将被打印到表面上，然后暴露于样品。将在模型试验中探索表面微点系统的灵敏度。还将研究基于细胞的测定中步骤的自动化。新的荧光标记将与该计划中的其他项目合作开发。三类新的标签将进行测试，它们包括卟啉和镧系元素，是服从时间分辨荧光检测。荧光共振能量转移（FRET）将作为一个有前途的标签进行研究。将对简单溶液和莠去津模型试验进行实验，以评价灵敏度和检测限。微滴将被研究为一种用于荧光检测的新形式。用激光询问微米大小的样品液滴。使用非线性光学过程，如液滴激光，在微滴的可能性将被确定。微制造技术将用于设计和制造用于免疫测定的小型化系统。样本处理和加工将被纳入小型化设备。超声波搅拌将作为一种提高结合率的方法进行研究。最后，微型免疫分析系统将与新的检测方法相结合，使用新的荧光团和新的检测形式（如微滴）。将对阿特拉津和其他感兴趣的化合物（包括二恶英和人类生殖激素）的灵敏度、检测限和包装系统的周转时间进行评价。

The Superfund program at University of California Davis has produced assays for many environmentally hazardous materials. The application of these bioassays in fast, multi-analyte instruments requires further work that will be undertaken in the Biosensor projects. Initially, engineering of surface microdot systems will be carried out for model assays for atrazine and metabolites. Small dots of antibodies will be printed onto a surface and then exposed to samples. The sensitivity of the surface microdot system will be explored on the model assay. Automation of steps in cell based assays will also be investigated. Novel fluorescence labels will be developed in collaboration with other projects in the program. Three classes of new labels will be tested; they include porphyrins and lanthanides that are amenable to time resolved fluorescence detection. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) will be investigated as a promising label. Experiments will be carried out on simple solutions and on a model assay for atrazine to evaluate sensitivity and detection limits. Microdroplets will be investigated a novel format for fluorescence detection. Micron sized droplets of sample with be interrogated with a laser. The possibility of using non linear optical processes, such as droplet lasing, in the microdroplets will be determined. Microfabrication technology will be used to design and fabricate miniaturized systems for immunoassays. Sample handling and processing will be incorporated into the miniaturized device. Ultrasonic agitation will be investigated as a way to improve binding rates. Finally, the miniaturized immunoassay system will be interfaced with novel detection methods, using new fluorophores and new detection formats (such as microdroplets). The sensitivity, detection limits, and turn around time of the packaged system, will be evaluated on atrazine and other compounds of interest, including dioxin and human reproductive hormones.