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Identification and characterization of chloroplast C3 and C4 monocarboxylate and dicarboxylate transporters, and their use in engineering single cell

叶绿体 C3 和 C4 单羧酸盐和二羧酸盐转运蛋白的鉴定和表征及其在单细胞工程中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
2107997
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2107997
关键词：
Identification characterization chloroplast C3 C4

项目摘要

C4 photosynthesis is a highly efficient form of photosynthesis that depends on cyclical metabolite transport to enhance CO2 concentration inside photosynthetically active chloroplasts. Our understanding of the molecular machinery that facilitate this metabolite cycle in maize, the most important C4 crop, is still incomplete. Specifically, the genes encoding the proteins that facilitate import and export of malate and pyruvate respectively from bundle sheath cell chloroplasts, and the gene encoding the protein that imports pyruvate into the mesophyll cell chloroplast, have yet to be identified or characterised. The first phase of my DPhil project will aim to identify these maize transporters, using a bioinformatic screen, followed by a novel experimental bacterial screen for plant transporter function, to accelerate the discovery process. The second phase of my DPhil project will utilize one of these newly discovered transporters, as well as previously characterized transporters in maize or bacteria, to attempt to engineer a single-cell C4 carbon-concentrating mechanism into the model C3 plant Arabidopsis thaliana. This would represent a significant step forward in the current effort to engineer the enhanced efficiency of C4 photosynthesis into C3 crop plants such as rice and wheat.BBSRC priority areas:Data driven biology. Food, nutrition and health. Sustainably enhancing agricultural production. Systems approaches to the biosciences.

C4光合作用是一种高效的光合作用形式，其依赖于循环代谢物运输来提高光合活性叶绿体内的CO2浓度。我们对促进玉米（最重要的C4作物）代谢物循环的分子机制的理解仍然不完整。具体地，编码分别促进苹果酸和丙酮酸从束鞘细胞叶绿体输入和输出的蛋白质的基因，以及编码将丙酮酸输入叶肉细胞叶绿体的蛋白质的基因，尚未被鉴定或表征。我的哲学博士项目的第一阶段将旨在确定这些玉米转运蛋白，使用生物信息学筛选，其次是一种新的实验细菌筛选植物转运蛋白功能，以加速发现过程。我的哲学博士项目的第二阶段将利用这些新发现的转运蛋白之一，以及先前在玉米或细菌中表征的转运蛋白，试图将单细胞C4碳浓缩机制设计成C3植物拟南芥的模型。这将代表着在目前的努力中向前迈出了重要的一步，即将C4光合作用的增强效率工程化到C3作物植物中，如水稻和小麦。粮食、营养和健康。可持续地提高农业生产。生物科学的系统方法。