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Autonomous oceanic primary production through novel chlorophyll fluorometry

通过新型叶绿素荧光测定法进行自主海洋初级生产

基本信息

批准号：
2107973
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Southampton
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2107973
关键词：
Autonomous oceanic primary production through

项目摘要

Oceanic phytoplankton are responsible for approximately half the primary production on Earth. These microbes hence constitute both the base of the marine food-chain and a crucial component of the planetary biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nutrients. Phytoplankton primary production varies widely across the oceans from spatial scales of a few km associated with physical phenomena such as fronts and eddies, to the strong gradients observed across whole ocean basins. Moreover, phytoplankton photosynthetic rates respond to environmental forcing in the form of light and nutrient availability at sub-daily through to climatic time scales. However, our understanding of this spatio-temporal variability in phytoplankton photosynthesis is severely hampered by extreme under-sampling of marine systems, which ultimately limits confidence in our best estimates of the magnitude of oceanic productivity. Active chlorophyll fluorometry represents a groundbreaking technology with the potential to overcome this sampling problem through facilitating high quality in situ measurements of photosynthetic rates; especially if such instrumentation can be developed to the point where it can be deployed routinely on autonomous observational platforms. Currently available instrumentation is inadequate for this purpose. This PhD project aims to fill this crucial technological gap, facilitating improved understanding of the variability of oceanic photosynthesis across unprecedented scales.

海洋浮游植物负责地球上大约一半的初级生产。因此，这些微生物构成了海洋食物链的基础，也是地球碳和营养物生物地球化学循环的重要组成部分。海洋中浮游植物的初级生产差异很大，从与锋面和涡流等物理现象相关的几公里空间尺度，到整个海洋盆地观察到的强梯度。此外，浮游植物的光合速率在亚日到气候时间尺度上以光和养分可用性的形式对环境强迫做出反应。然而，我们对浮游植物光合作用的这种时空变化的理解受到海洋系统极端采样不足的严重阻碍，这最终限制了我们对海洋生产力大小的最佳估计的信心。活性叶绿素荧光测定法代表了一项突破性技术，有可能通过促进光合作用速率的高质量原位测量来克服这一采样问题；特别是如果此类仪器能够发展到可以在自主观测平台上常规部署的程度。目前可用的仪器不足以实现此目的。该博士项目旨在填补这一关键的技术空白，促进人们更好地了解海洋光合作用在前所未有的尺度上的变异性。