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Confinement of photons, electrons and magnetism in nano/meta-materials

纳米/超材料中光子、电子和磁性的限制

基本信息

批准号：
2111313
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Bath
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2111313
关键词：
Confinement photons electrons magnetism nano

项目摘要

This PhD project studies the linear and nonlinear (colour-changing) optical properties of nanoparticles and artificially nanostructured materials and surfaces.Nanostructuring materials and surfaces (creating an artificial structure, e.g. an array of geometrical shapes, on the nanoscale) strongly affects their optical properties. Thus, it is possible to design and manufacture nanosurfaces with desired properties for specific applications. Often, the nanosurfaces are made of plasmonic metals. These metals (e.g. gold, silver, aluminium, ...) host plasmons (coherent oscillations of electrons on the surface of these metals) and interact strongly with light.Plasmonic nanoparticles can be used to study new optical phenomena, such as optical activity in hyper-Rayleigh scattering. In hyper-Rayleigh scattering, light scattered from the nanoparticles has double the frequency of the incident light (e.g. if red light is incident on the nanoparticles, the scattered light is blue). Optical activity means that the amount of scattered light depends on the circular polarisation ("twist") of the incident light. The effect has potential use in sensitive characterisation of molecules used in pharmaceuticals. In this project, we study hyper-Rayleigh scattering in suspensions of plasmonic nanoparticles with various geometries to gain better understanding of the effect, which is essential for successful future applications. The project might involve attaching chemical molecules to plasmonic nanoparticles with the aim of increasing their optical response.Plasmonic nanosurfaces studied as part of this project have potential applications in increasing the accuracy of optical characterisation of molecules, in detecting air pollution and in other areas. The aim of our research is to characterise and optimise the performance of these structures.We also plan to design nanosurfaces made of magnetic materials with the aim of tuning the optical properties of the nanostructures with magnetic field.Mostly optical methods are used to study the nanoparticles and nanostructures. These include well-established methods, such as optical microscopy, as well as novel optical experiments, which we assemble in our lab. The exact experimental configuration depends on the studied samples but, generally, we use ultrashort-pulse lasers as light sources and design our experiments in a way to maximise the sensitivity of detection of the nonlinear properties of the samples.

该博士项目研究纳米颗粒和人工纳米结构材料和表面的线性和非线性（变色）光学特性。纳米结构材料和表面（在纳米尺度上创建人工结构，例如几何形状阵列）强烈影响其光学特性。因此，可以设计和制造具有特定应用所需特性的纳米表面。通常，纳米表面由等离子体金属制成。这些金属（例如金、银、铝等）具有等离子体激元（这些金属表面上电子的相干振荡）并与光发生强烈相互作用。等离子体纳米颗粒可用于研究新的光学现象，例如超瑞利散射中的光学活性。在超瑞利散射中，从纳米粒子散射的光的频率是入射光的频率的两倍（例如，如果红光入射到纳米粒子上，则散射光为蓝色）。光学活性意味着散射光的量取决于入射光的圆偏振（“扭曲”）。该效应在药物分子的灵敏表征中具有潜在用途。在这个项目中，我们研究了具有各种几何形状的等离子体纳米粒子悬浮液中的超瑞利散射，以更好地了解这种效应，这对于未来成功的应用至关重要。该项目可能涉及将化学分子附着到等离子体纳米颗粒上，目的是提高其光学响应。作为该项目的一部分研究的等离子体纳米表面在提高分子光学表征的准确性、检测空气污染和其他领域具有潜在的应用。我们研究的目的是表征和优化这些结构的性能。我们还计划设计由磁性材料制成的纳米表面，目的是通过磁场调节纳米结构的光学性能。大多数光学方法用于研究纳米颗粒和纳米结构。其中包括成熟的方法，例如光学显微镜，以及我们在实验室组装的新颖的光学实验。确切的实验配置取决于所研究的样品，但通常我们使用超短脉冲激光器作为光源，并以最大化样品非线性特性检测灵敏度的方式设计我们的实验。