Nonreciprocal broken-ray tomography: applications to optical fluorescence imaging and X-ray dual-energy imaging

该博士项目旨在为先进的生物医学成像开发新的理论和计算工具，特别是为1。介观系统的光学生物医学成像，如上皮组织、工程组织、癌细胞培养和模式生物。这与一系列临床应用相关（例如，在皮肤病学中），因为非常需要工具来全面表征客观的上皮组织，体内病变评估，以及临床前和进化生物学研究。基于测量的康普顿散射辐射的双能x射线成像双能成像是诊断成像和癌症放疗治疗计划发展的迫切需要。这两种类型的成像技术将在最近介绍的非互反破碎射线断层成像的通用框架内进行讨论。这种新的图像重建方法能够获得关于生物组织的额外信息：在荧光光学断层扫描中，首次有可能同时重建两种能量和造影剂浓度下的固有衰减系数；在x射线成像中，首次有可能同时重建两个能量下的衰减系数和电子密度。博士项目将开发图像重建算法以及用于图像重建的软件代码。为了指导实验实施，这些技术将在数值实验的基础上进行验证和优化。[10]李晓明，李晓明，“基于非互反破碎射线变换的荧光成像技术研究”，中国医学工程学报（自然科学版），39 (5):971 - 974 （2018）

This PhD project aims to develop new theoretical and computational tools for advanced biomedical imaging, specifically, for1. Optical biomedical imaging of mesoscopic systems such as epithelial tissue, engineered tissues, cancer cell cultures, and model organisms. This is relevant for a series of clinical applications (for instance, in dermatology), as there is a great need for tools for comprehensive epithelial tissue characterisation for objective, in-vivo lesion assessment, as well as for preclinical and evolutionary biology studies.2. Dual-energy X-ray imaging based on measurements Compton-scattered radiation Dual-energy imaging is a stringent need for advancements in both diagnostic imaging and cancer radiotherapy treatment planning.Both these types of imaging technologies will be addressed within the common general framework of nonreciprocal broken-ray tomography introduced recently [1]. This new approach to image reconstruction enables achieving additional information about the biological tissue: in fluorescence optical tomography, it is possible, for the first time, to reconstruct simultaneously the intrinsic attenuation coefficients at two energies and the concentration of the contrast agent; in X-ray imaging, it is possible, for the first time, to reconstruct simultaneously the attenuation coefficient at two energies and the electron density. The PhD project will develop image reconstruction algorithms as well as software codes for image reconstruction. To guide the experimental implementation, the technologies will then be validated and optimised based on numerical experiments. This project is part of the general effort for developing novel and transformative approaches to cancer management and next generation healthcare[1] L. Florescu et al, "Nonreciprocal broken ray transforms with applications to fluorescence imaging," Inverse Problems 34, 094002 (2018)