Putting Things in Place: A Material Culture Approach to the Study of Early Neolithic Houses in Britain and Ireland.

把东西放在适当的位置：研究英国和爱尔兰早期新石器时代房屋的物质文化方法。

• 批准号: 2119522
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Birkbeck, University of London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2119522
• 关键词: Putting; Things; Place; Material; Culture

The transition from the Mesolithic to Neolithic period is often understood as a direct progress during which a mobile hunter-gatherer lifestyle was simply replaced by permanent settlements with an agricultural based economy. This picture of Neolithic society has been significantly influenced by the archaeological evidence coming from central and SE Europe, where the presence of permanently occupied households dated to this period appears to be well established (e.g. Hodder 1990). Considering the processes such as domestication and transition to sedentarism, it is not surprising that houses appear to figure strongly in the Neolithic narratives of the region. In the meantime, the character of evidence from the British Isles does not always seem to adhere to this simplified, often routinely accepted view of the Neolithic. Although there is evidence for the presence of houses in this period, when compared with other parts of Europe, the data appears to be rather scanty. This makes the Neolithic of the British Isles particularly interesting. While the timber, earthwork and megalithic monuments are as widely distributed as on the continent, the evidence for houses, and by extension, the character of settlement appear to be quite unique when moving west of the North Sea and north of the English Channel.In Britain and Ireland, the earliest Neolithic constructions which can be equated with houses are the timber structures. These buildings represent the first examples of the Neolithic architecture in the British Isles, preceding the development of monumental projects such as causewayed enclosures, long barrows and passage graves (Bradley, 2007: 42). However, their construction and use appear to

从中石器时代向新石器时代的过渡往往被理解为一种直接进步，在此期间，流动的狩猎-采集生活方式只是被以农业为基础的经济的永久定居点所取代。新石器时代社会的这一图景受到来自中欧和东南欧的考古证据的显著影响，在那里，可以追溯到这一时期的永久居住户的存在似乎得到了很好的证实(例如，霍德，1990年)。考虑到驯化和向定居的过渡等过程，房屋似乎在该地区的新石器时代叙事中占据重要地位也就不足为奇了。与此同时，来自不列颠群岛的证据似乎并不总是坚持这种简化的、通常被接受的新石器时代的观点。尽管有证据表明这一时期存在房屋，但与欧洲其他地区相比，数据似乎相当匮乏。这使得不列颠群岛的新石器时代格外有趣。虽然木材、土方和巨石纪念碑的分布范围和欧洲大陆一样广泛，但在北海以西和英格兰海峡以北移动时，房屋的证据以及由此引申出来的聚落特征似乎是相当独特的。在英国和爱尔兰，可以等同于房屋的最早的新石器时代建筑是木结构建筑。这些建筑代表了不列颠群岛新石器时代建筑的第一批例子，在不列颠群岛开发纪念性项目之前，如堤道围栏、长长的手推车和通道坟墓(Bradley，2007：42)。然而，它们的构造和使用似乎