PEDIATRIC PHARMACOLOGY RESEARCH UNIT

儿科药理学研究室

• 批准号: 6664801
• 负责人: Gregory Lee Kearns
• 金额: $ 14.93万
• 依托单位: CHILDREN'S MERCY HOSP (KANSAS CITY, MO)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-01-01 至 2003-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6664801
• 关键词: age difference; child (0-11); clinical research; clinical trials; cooperative study; dosage; drug adverse effect; drug metabolism; drug screening /evaluation; enzyme mechanism; human subject; human therapy evaluation; pediatric pharmacology; pediatrics; pharmacogenetics; pharmacokinetics

The propose epidemiologic family study will systematically examine the vulnerability to nicotine dependence due to the combined transmission of genes and family/cultural environmental factors (e.g., familial liability). Four areas are addressed in the proposed study: 1) the familial liability for nicotine dependence associated with different phenotypes or characteristics of nicotine dependence (e.g. also meeting DSM-IV criteria); 2) the degree of shared familial liability dependence and non- familial environmental factors in the etiology of nicotine dependence; 4) familial liability, non-familial factors, and individual factors that may be partially under genetic control (such as nicotine metabolism) that contribute to estimated differences in nicotine dependence between African Americans and Caucasians, both to spotlight factors that contribute to nicotine dependence in a group at high risk of cancer mortality (African Americans) and to identify protective factors by comparing racial groups with substantially different cigarette smoking profiles. This epidemiologic case-control family study is designed to examine the familial transmission of nicotine dependence among adults 25 to 44 years of age and their families. This range will be used because the period of risk for daily smoking is largely concluded by age 25 and adults between these ages are still likely to have living parents. Cases will be nicotine dependent by a threshold score of 4 or more on the Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Controls will be smoking exposed (having smoked at least 100 cigarettes) but never nicotine dependent (FTND=0). For cases on sibling and both parents will be sought. For controls one sibling will be sought. Direct interviews will be conducted with the case and control family members. The information gathered will include their cigarette smoking, psychiatric disorders, and other substance use, as well as demographic and medical history information. All of the interviewed family members will provide family history of cigarette smoking, substance use and psychiatric disorders. Additionally, cases and controls will be asked about the cigarette smoking, alcohol use and behavior problems of their offspring. This study provides a population-based context for genetic and metabolism studies in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Nicotine Dependence. Ascertainment, interviewing, and data management will be integrated across studies. Additionally, as part of the unique opportunity presented by the scientific integration of Projects 1, 2, and 3 we will incorporate genetic, metabolic and epidemiologic measures of a broad array for factors in the development of risk factor models for nicotine dependence.

拟议的流行病学家庭研究将系统地检查由于基因和家庭/文化环境因素（例如，家庭责任）的联合传播而导致的尼古丁依赖易感性。拟议的研究涉及四个领域：1)与不同表型或尼古丁依赖特征相关的尼古丁依赖的家族责任（例如也符合DSM-IV标准）；2)家族责任依赖程度和非家族环境因素在尼古丁依赖病因学中的作用；4)家族责任、非家族因素和可能部分受遗传控制的个体因素（如尼古丁代谢）导致非裔美国人和白种人之间尼古丁依赖的估计差异，既可以突出导致癌症死亡率高的群体（非裔美国人）尼古丁依赖的因素，也可以通过比较吸烟情况有很大差异的种族群体来确定保护因素。本流行病学病例对照家庭研究旨在研究25至44岁的成年人及其家庭中尼古丁依赖的家族性传播。之所以使用这个范围，是因为每天吸烟的危险期主要在25岁之前结束，而在这个年龄之间的成年人可能还有活着的父母。在费格斯特罗姆尼古丁依赖测试（FTND）中，患者的尼古丁依赖阈值为4分或以上。对照组为吸烟暴露者（至少吸过100支烟），但不依赖尼古丁（FTND=0）。对于兄弟姐妹和父母双方的案件将寻求。为了控制，将寻找一个兄弟姐妹。将与病例和对照家庭成员进行直接访谈。收集的信息将包括他们的吸烟情况、精神疾病和其他物质使用情况，以及人口统计和病史信息。所有接受采访的家庭成员都将提供吸烟、药物使用和精神障碍的家族史。此外，病例和对照组将被问及他们后代的吸烟、饮酒和行为问题。本研究为尼古丁依赖遗传学合作研究的遗传和代谢研究提供了一个基于人群的背景。确定，访谈和数据管理将在研究中整合。此外，作为项目1、2和3的科学整合所提供的独特机会的一部分，我们将在尼古丁依赖风险因素模型的发展中纳入广泛的因素的遗传、代谢和流行病学测量。