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Advanced Control Systems for Fast-Orbit Feedback (FOFB) of the Electron Beam in the Diamond Synchrotron

用于金刚石同步加速器中电子束快速轨道反馈 (FOFB) 的先进控制系统

基本信息

批准号：
2120259
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2120259
关键词：
Advanced Control Systems Fast Orbit

项目摘要

The Diamond Light Source (Diamond) is a particle accelerator located at the Harwell Science and Innovation Campus in Oxfordshire. Electrons are propelled near the speed of light and injected into the storage ring. The electron beam is focused and kept in its orbital path using a series of magnets arranged in a repeating pattern around the ring. While the electrons travel around the ring at relativistic speeds, they emit a particular form of radiation called synchrotron light. The emitted radiation is deflected into photon beamlines and guided into several experimental stations where it is used for diffraction, spectroscopy and three-dimensional imaging of molecules.In order to guarantee the quality of the experiments, it is of utmost importance that the beam follows a stable path. The deviations of the electron beam from its ideal orbit are measured using beam position monitors and must be attenuated using active control of the corrector magnets.The Fast Orbit Feedback (FOFB) in the Diamond storage ring ensures stability of the beam position for all the experiments on the beamlines. The existing controller is implemented in 24 general purpose Central Processing Units (CPUs) distributed around the ring. In this approach, the Multi-Input-Multi-Output control problem is address using multiplication with a conditioned pseudo inverse orbit response matrix followed by an Internal Model Controller (IMC). The calculations in this case can be distributed to 24 CPUs by slicing the matrix into 24 parts.This approach is being challenged by existing modifications and future upgrades which may introduce correctors (actuators) with homogeneous dynamics (magnets of different construction or over different vessel material). Furthermore, it would be beneficial to deal with constraints on actuators range or rate, as well as the ability to put particular constrains on certain monitors. These desirable features are beyond the abilities of the current implementation.This project will investigate a future architecture (both analytically and by implementation) of fast orbit control: more advanced control algorithms like mode-by-mode control and model predictive control, as well as a prototype of the necessary new processing node, which will enable fully centralised calculations.In summary, the project will establish the methods and an implementation of fast orbit control required to adapt to foreseeable challenges on a Diamond-II machine, while at the same time promising better orbit control already after implementation.This project falls within the EPSRC Engineering research area and collaborates with Diamond Light Source Ltd.

钻石光源（Diamond Light Source）是位于牛津郡哈威尔科学与创新园区的粒子加速器。电子以接近光速的速度被推进并注入储存环。电子束被聚焦并保持在其轨道路径上，使用一系列磁铁围绕环以重复的模式排列。当电子以相对论速度绕环运动时，它们会发出一种特殊形式的辐射，称为同步加速器光。发射的辐射被偏转成光子束线，并被引导到几个实验站，在那里它被用于衍射，光谱和分子的三维成像。为了保证实验的质量，最重要的是使电子束沿着一条稳定的轨道运动，电子束与其理想轨道之间的偏差是用电子束位置监测器来测量的，并且必须用主动控制来衰减钻石储存环中的快速轨道反馈（FOFB）确保了光束线上所有实验的光束位置稳定性。现有的控制器在分布在环周围的24个通用中央处理单元（CPU）中实现。在这种方法中，多输入多输出控制问题的地址使用乘法与条件伪逆轨道响应矩阵其次是内模控制器（IMC）。在这种情况下，计算可以通过将矩阵分割成24个部分来分配给24个CPU。这种方法受到现有修改和未来升级的挑战，这些修改和升级可能会引入具有均匀动力学的校正器（致动器）（不同结构或不同容器材料的磁体）。此外，处理对致动器范围或速率的约束以及对某些监视器施加特定约束的能力将是有益的。这些令人满意的特性超出了当前实现的能力。本项目将研究未来的架构快速轨道控制（分析和实施）：更先进的控制算法，如逐模式控制和模型预测控制，以及必要的新处理节点的原型，这将实现完全集中的计算。总之，该项目将确定快速轨道控制的方法和实施，以适应钻石-II机器上可预见的挑战，同时承诺在实施后更好的轨道控制。该项目福尔斯EPSRC工程研究领域，并与钻石光源有限公司合作。