Antecedents of the Type A Behavior Pattern

A 型行为模式的前因

• 批准号: 6609566
• 负责人: KAREN MATTHEWS
• 金额: $ 37.08万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1980
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1980-04-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6609566
• 关键词: African American; adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; blood pressure; cardiovascular disorder risk; caucasian American; clinical research; conflict; coping; depression; environmental stressor; family structure /dynamics; gender difference; health behavior; heart imaging /visualization /scanning; human subject; longitudinal human study; psychological stressor; psychophysiology; racial /ethnic difference; self concept; socioeconomics; stress; type A /type B personality; vascular resistance

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This competing renewal application (5 R01 HL25767-24) proposes to re-assess adolescents enrolled in Project Pressure three years after their initial assessment to address key hypotheses regarding the early emergence of behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adolescence and their antecedents and consequences. Adolescence is an important period to study the development of CVD risk factors because CVD risk factors track in adolescents and predict clinical CVD later in life and because behavioral and biological risk factors tend to cluster together in adolescents. In the initial phase of Project Pressure, we collected data from 217 black and white, male and female high school students to test cross-sectionally a model of the development of CVD risk factors. Our model suggests that adolescents' socioeconomic status and ethnicity affect their exposure to psychological stress, including discrimination, which, in turn, is thought to lead to the development of the propensity to be vigilant for possible threat, to view ambiguous situations as potentially harmful, and to mistrust others. These cognitive propensities may become more automatic with development and lead to stable traits of hostility, anxiety, and heightened cardiovascular responsivity to stress. These traits may then affect the early development of vascular stiffness and left ventricular mass. We now propose to test the model longitudinally using the same measures as in the initial assessment, plus adding some new measures that take advantage of recent technological and conceptual advances: (a) endothelial dysfunction and carotid intima medial thickness; (b) coping with discrimination and ethnic identity; and (c) depression. We anticipate that 165 of the previous adolescents will be reassessed, which is adequate in terms of power to test our key hypotheses. The longitudinal design will be a stronger test of the model than the previously awarded grant supporting the cross-sectional study. This project will contribute to the knowledge base necessary to prevent the early development of sub clinical CVD.

描述（由申请人提供）：本竞争性延续申请（5 R 01 HL 25767 -24）拟在初次评估后3年对入组压力项目的青少年进行重新评估，以解决关于青少年早期出现心血管疾病（CVD）行为风险因素及其前因和后果的关键假设。青春期是研究CVD风险因素发展的重要时期，因为CVD风险因素在青少年中跟踪并预测以后生活中的临床CVD，并且因为行为和生物风险因素倾向于在青少年中聚集在一起。在项目压力的初始阶段，我们收集了217名黑人和白色，男性和女性高中生的数据，以测试心血管疾病危险因素发展的横截面模型。我们的模型表明，青少年的社会经济地位和种族会影响他们的心理压力，包括歧视，这反过来又被认为会导致对可能的威胁保持警惕的倾向，将模糊的情况视为潜在的危害，以及不信任他人。这些认知倾向可能会随着发展而变得更加自动化，并导致敌意，焦虑和心血管对压力的反应性增强的稳定特征。这些特征可能会影响血管僵硬度和左心室质量的早期发展。我们现在建议使用与初始评估相同的测量方法对模型进行纵向测试，并添加一些利用最新技术和概念进步的新测量方法：（a）内皮功能障碍和颈动脉内膜中层厚度;（B）应对歧视和种族认同;（c）抑郁。我们预计，之前的青少年中有165人将被重新评估，这足以检验我们的关键假设。纵向设计将是一个更强大的测试模型比以前授予的资助支持横断面研究。该项目将有助于必要的知识基础，以防止亚临床CVD的早期发展。