Oxytocin, Postnatal Experience & Adult Maternal Behavior

催产素，产后经历

• 批准号: 6625856
• 负责人: CORT ANDREW PEDERSEN
• 金额: $ 32.74万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-03-15 至 2007-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6625856
• 关键词: aggression; anxiety; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; biological models; brain mapping; ethology; experience; hormone receptor; hormone regulation /control mechanism; laboratory rat; lactation; maternal behavior; mother child interaction; mother deprivation; neurobiology; oxytocin; psychosocial separation; receptor binding; social behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In human and non-human primates, decades of clinical and research findings clearly show that nurturing received during infancy and childhood influences the quality of parental and other social behaviors as well as the ability to cope with stress during adulthood. Recent studies of early maternal separation effects in rats demonstrate that postnatal nurturing also shapes adult social behavior and stress responses in lower mammals. This rodent model permits more detailed investigation of the mechanisms underlying these life-long consequences of early experience than is feasible in primates. In Preliminary Studies, rat dams subjected to brief and long daily maternal separations (BMS vs. LMS) during infancy exhibited, respectively, increased and decreased pup-grooming (PG), maternal aggression and lactation-associated declines in anxiety. These behavioral differences were related to contrasting effects of the BMS and LMS procedures on the amount of maternal care dams received from their mothers. Mothers subjected to brief and long daily pup-separations exhibited respectively increased and decreased PG and arched-back nursing (ABN). Preliminary Studies and other recent evidence indicate that central oxytocin (OT) regulates behaviors that differ between rat dams with contrasting postnatal MS experience and these early experiences are associated with significant differences in OT receptors in brain sites where OT exerts these behavioral effects. These findings suggest the following model of MS effects on mothers and their female offspring. Central OT enhances lactating rat mothers' PG and ABN. Daily brief and long pup-separations (BMS and LMS procedures) respectively raise and lower mothers' PG and ABN by increasing and decreasing central OT enhancement of these maternal behaviors. Dams' PG and ABN frequencies subsequently determine the degree of OT regulation of behavior that develops in female offspring, which influences their adult PG and ABN frequencies as well as lactation-associated changes in aggression and anxious behavior. The proposed Experiments will test this model by pursuing five Specific Aims. Specific Aim 1 is to examine in more detail the relationships between postnatal BMS and LMS and dams' maternal behavior, aggression, lactation changes in anxiety and central OT receptor binding. Specific Aims 2, 4, and 5 are to determine whether differences in the degree of central OT regulation of PG, ABN, maternal aggression and anxiety contribute to contrasting levels of these behaviors between mothers with postnatal BMS vs. LMS experience. Brain sites in which OT stimulates PG and ABN will also be sought. Aim 3 is to determine whether upswings and downswings in PG-ABN in mothers subjected to brief and long daily pup-separations are the respective results of increased and decreased OT enhancement of these behaviors.

描述（由申请人提供）：在人类和非人类灵长类动物中，数十年 临床和研究结果清楚地表明，在 婴儿期和童年期影响父母和其他社会的质量 行为以及成年期间应对压力的能力。最近的 对大鼠早期母体分离效应的研究表明，产后 养育还塑造成人的社会行为和较低水平的压力反应 哺乳动物。该啮齿动物模型可以进行更详细的研究 早期经历的这些终生后果背后的机制 在灵长类动物中可行。 在初步研究中，大鼠水坝每天接受短暂和长时间的母体喂养。 婴儿期的分离（BMS 与 LMS）分别表现出增加和 减少幼犬梳理行为（PG）、母性攻击性和哺乳相关性 焦虑感下降。这些行为差异与对比有关 BMS 和 LMS 程序对孕产妇护理坝数量的影响 从他们的母亲那里收到的。母亲们每天都要经历短暂和长期的 幼仔分离分别表现出 PG 增加和减少 拱背护理（ABN）。 初步研究和其他最近的证据表明，中枢催产素 (OT) 调节大鼠水坝之间不同的行为 产后多发性硬化症经历和这些早期经历与 OT 发挥作用的大脑部位的 OT 受体存在显着差异 行为影响。这些发现表明以下 MS 影响模型 母亲和她们的女性后代。中央 OT 增强哺乳期大鼠母亲的 PG 和 ABN。每日短暂和长时间的幼崽分离（BMS 和 LMS 程序） 通过增加和减少分别提高和降低母亲的PG和ABN 这些母亲行为的中枢 OT 增强。大坝的 PG 和 ABN 频率随后决定了 OT 行为调节的程度 在雌性后代中发育，影响成年后的 PG 和 ABN 频率以及与哺乳相关的攻击性和焦虑性变化 行为。 拟议的实验将通过追求五个具体目标来测试该模型。 具体目标 1 是更详细地研究产后之间的关系 BMS 和 LMS 以及母鼠的母性行为、攻击性、哺乳期变化 焦虑和中枢 OT 受体结合。具体目标 2、4 和 5 是 确定 PG 的中枢 OT 调节程度是否存在差异， ABN、母亲的攻击性和焦虑会导致这些差异的水平 具有产后 BMS 与 LMS 经历的母亲之间的行为。大脑部位位于 OT刺激PG和ABN也将被寻求。目标 3 是确定 母亲 PG-ABN 的上升和下降是否受到短暂和 每天长时间的幼崽分离分别是增加和 减少 OT 增强这些行为。