Psychopathology and Controlling Behavior in Adolescents.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近的附件相关研究 表明儿童期行为问题和青少年期行为问题 混乱的婴儿依恋行为预示着精神病理学， 行为的特点是冲突的行为倾向和 缺乏处理压力的连贯的关系策略。但基于 根据目前的文献，尚不清楚是否有一个有效的措施， 青少年时期的无组织依恋是存在的。建议的第一个目标是 研究的目的是制定和验证一个编码协议， 惩罚性的，惩罚性的，和其他不安全的，无组织的 青春期的行为编码方案将基于以前的工作， 并将其应用于两个依恋相关的父母-青少年 互动评估。参与者将是120名青少年及其母亲 来自低收入家庭，其中65人参加了纵向调查， 在12和18个月，4-5岁和7-9岁时进行研究。所述构建体 控制依恋策略的新措施的有效性将是 与未解决或无法分类附件的编码相关的评估 通过成人依恋访谈评估的策略，也将 通过评估父母与青少年互动的更广泛方面进行验证， 一个标准的显示差异的冲突解决任务，如编码的 自主性和相关性量表。 这项研究的第二个目的是评估婴儿期的总体风险是否是一个 无组织/控制型依恋策略的重要前因 青春期中介模型将测试行为的开始是否 儿童在上学早期遇到的问题或母亲缺乏帮助， 青春期的自主性和相关性增加和/或介导任何观察到的 早期关系风险与青少年依恋行为的关系的 研究的第三个目的是评估青少年 无组织/控制型依恋策略与青少年 精神病发病率精神病诊断将由结构化 临床诊断访谈（SCID）轴I，边缘和反社会 人格障碍部分的SCID II，流行病学中心 抑郁量表（CES-D）与青少年分离体验的研究 量表（ADES）。纵向分析将进一步评估 早期关系风险和早期学龄行为问题是重要的 青少年精神病理学的前兆拟议的研究将有助于 提高对长期发展轨迹的理解， 精神病理学为了实施预防或治疗方案， 减少青少年的反社会行为和精神病理学，这是必不可少的， 寻求对发展途径的透彻理解，通过这些途径， 行为随着时间的推移而发展。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent attachment-related studies have demonstrated that both childhood behavior problems and adolescent psychopathology are predicted by disorganized infant attachment behavior, behavior that is characterized by conflicting behavioral tendencies and the lack of a coherent relational strategy for dealing with stress. However, based on current literature, it is unclear whether a validated measure of disorganized attachment in adolescence exists. The first aim of the proposed study is to develop and validate a coding protocol for identifying controlling-punitive, controlling-caregiving, and other insecure-disorganized behavior in adolescence. The coding scheme will be based on previous work in the field and will be applied to two attachment-related parent-adolescent interaction assessments. Participants will be 120 adolescents and their mothers from low-income families, 65 of whom who have participated in a longitudinal study at ages 12 and 18 months, 4-5 years, and 7-9 years. The construct validity of the new measure of controlling attachment strategies will be assessed in relation to coding of Unresolved or Cannot Classify attachment strategies as assessed by the Adult Attachment Interview and will also be validated against broader aspects of parent-adolescent interaction assessed in a standard revealed differences conflict resolution task, as coded by the Autonomy and Relatedness Scales. The second aim of the study is to assess whether overall risk in infancy is an important antecedent of disorganized/controlling attachment strategies in adolescence. Mediational models will test whether the onset of behavior problems in the early school years or the mother's lack of facilitation of automony and relatedness in adolescence adds to and/or mediates any observed relation between early relational risk and adolescent attachment behaviors. The third aim of the study is to assess the degree to which adolescent disorganized/controlling attachment strategies are associated with adolescent psychiatric morbidity. Psychiatric diagnoses will be assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnosis (SCID) Axis I, the borderline and antisocial personality disorder sections of the SCID II, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) , and the Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale (ADES). Longitudinal analyses will further assess the degree to which early relational risk and early school age behavior problems are important precursors of adolescent psychopathology. The proposed study will contribute to increased understanding of long-term developmental trajectories that eventuate in psychopathology. In order to implement prevention or treatment programs for reducing adolescent antisocial behavior and psychopathology, it is essential to seek a thorough understanding of the developmental pathways through which such behavior develops over time.