Behavioral Genetics of Impulsivity

冲动的行为遗传学

• 批准号: 6639196
• 负责人: LYNN A FAIRBANKS
• 金额: $ 26.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-01 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6639196
• 关键词: Cercopithecidae; animal developmental psychology; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; dopamine receptor; dopamine transporter; ethology; family structure /dynamics; gene environment interaction; genetic polymorphism; impulsive behavior; linkage mapping; longitudinal animal study; neurotransmitter metabolism; serotonin transporter; social behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Impulsivity is a common feature of numerous psychological, psychiatric and social problems, including conduct disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, substance abuse, antisocial personality disorder, criminality and violence. Behavioral genetics studies have consistently demonstrated significant genetic contributions to individual differences in personality traits and behavioral outcomes related to impulsivity, and there is increasing evidence that impulsivity and impulsive aggression may be mediated, in part, by activity of the monoaminergic (serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine) neurotransmitter systems. However, little is known about the genetic covariance between behavioral and neurobiological phenotypes, or the role of specific environmental influences in the development of impulsivity within a complex natural social system. Proposed here is a longitudinal study that follows related individuals from infancy to adulthood, collects objective, prospective measures of environmental variables and behavioral phenotypes, and concurrently assesses neurobiological variables in a nonhuman primate model appropriate for quantitative behavioral genetics analysis. Subjects for this research are 725 vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus), living in naturally composed social groups in a multigenerational, pedigreed colony that includes full siblings, maternal and paternal half siblings, and dyads of varying degrees of relatedness. The objectives of this investigation are to a) assess the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to variation in impulsivity at different life stages, b) to determine the contribution of specific early experiences (maternal style, family social status, peer relationships) to variation in impulsivity, and c) to evaluate the role of monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems in mediating genetic influences on impulsivity. To accomplish these objectives we propose to 1) measure individual differences in impulsivity in standardized situations from one year of age to adulthood, 2) collect objective, prospective data on individual experiences during development, 3) assess longitudinal variation in metabolites of serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine in cerebrospinal fluid, and 4) identify genetic polymorphisms at loci in serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways (serotonin transporter, tryptophan hydroxylase, dopamine transporter and dopamine receptor DRD4 genes) for use in candidate gene linkage analysis. The proposed research will provide new information on the genetic, environmental and neurobiological contributions to development of individual differences in a dimension of temperament that is a major risk factor for behavioral, psychological and psychiatric problems.

描述(由申请人提供)：冲动是 许多心理、精神和社会问题，包括行为 精神障碍，注意缺陷多动障碍，药物滥用，反社会 人格障碍、犯罪和暴力。行为遗传学研究 一直表现出对个体的显著遗传贡献 人格特征和行为结果的差异与 冲动，而且越来越多的证据表明冲动和冲动 攻击性可能部分是通过单胺能神经元的活动来调节的。 (5-羟色胺、多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素)神经递质系统。然而， 人们对行为和行为之间的遗传协方差知之甚少 神经生物学表型，或特定环境影响在 在复杂的自然社会系统中冲动的发展。建议 这是一项纵向研究，跟踪了相关个体从婴儿期到 成年后，收集客观的、前瞻性的环境变量测量 和行为表型，并同时评估神经生物学变量 在适用于数量行为遗传学的非人灵长类动物模型中 分析。本研究的研究对象是725只长尾猴(Cercopithecus AethiopsSabaeus)，生活在自然组成的社会群体中 多代、血统的殖民地，包括完整的兄弟姐妹、母亲和 同父异母的兄弟姐妹，以及有不同程度亲属关系的二人组。这个 本次调查的目标是：a)评估以下各项的相对贡献 遗传和环境因素对不同年龄段冲动性变化的影响 阶段，b)确定具体早期经验的贡献 (母性风格、家庭社会地位、同伴关系)到 冲动性，以及c)评估单胺能神经递质的作用 调节基因对冲动的影响的系统。要实现这些目标 我们提出的目标是：1)测量个体冲动的差异 从一岁到成年的标准化情况，2)收集 关于个人在发展过程中经历的客观、前瞻性数据，3) 评估5-羟色胺、多巴胺和 脑脊液中的去甲肾上腺素，以及4)在 5-羟色胺能和多巴胺能通路的基因座(5-羟色胺转运体， 色氨酸羟化酶、多巴胺转运体和多巴胺受体DRD4基因) 用于候选基因连锁分析。拟议的研究将提供 关于遗传、环境和神经生物学贡献的新信息 在气质方面的个体差异的发展，即 行为、心理和精神问题的主要风险因素。