Development of Teratogenic Symbols and Educational Media

描述（由研究者提供）：在过去的十年中，随着acutane的高度普及，沙利度胺因其抗血管生成特性而重新使用，以及其他出生缺陷诱导药物的使用增加，具有致畸特性的药物处方迅速增加。随着这种增加，育龄妇女在服用可能致畸的药物时怀孕或怀孕的风险也随之增加。最近的一项研究表明，妇女经常误解常用的警告标签，特别是在没有说明或教育材料的情况下。由于在药剂师-病人和医生-病人的互动中经常忽略指导，警告标签是首要的和主要的干预措施。高感觉寻求者忽视或忽视符号和警告的风险更高，但有证据表明，专门为高感觉寻求者设计的信息是成功的，而且仍然适用于一般人群。因此，迫切需要一种符号和媒介，以清楚、明确的方式传达怀孕期间或孕前服用致畸药物的危险，或者在最坏的情况下，不导致有害的误解或误解。在该项目的第一阶段，AEI将与平面设计师、研究人员和评估人员密切合作，创建一系列符号和警告（符号加文字），以传达物质的致畸特性。这些符号将使用迭代设计形成，并与目标受众成员密切合作。最终的原型符号和警告将在大规模（n=400）研究中进行评估，实施一对一的访谈协议，该协议将从不同的地理位置提取，以确保文化，种族，民族和区域效用。随着第一阶段原型符号的开发和评估，第二阶段将创建一系列教育媒体模块，以提高对符号和警告的认识，并教育专业人员和公众对致畸性的认识。这些材料将包括一个参考网站、一套供药店和从业人员使用的小册子、用于展示的小型媒体材料（如海报）和一部录像纪录片。所有材料将以英语和西班牙语提供。

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): The prescription of pharmaceuticals with teratogenic properties has increased rapidly over the past decade with the heightened popularity of Accutane, the renewed use of Thalidomide for its antiangiogenic characteristics, and the growth in use of other birth-defect inducing drugs. With this increase comes a concomitant increase in the risk of women of child-bearing age being or becoming pregnant while taking a potentially teratogenic pharmaceutical. A recent study indicates that women frequently misinterpret a commonly used warning label, especially in the absence of instruction or educational materials. Since instruction is often frequently omitted in pharmacist-patient and physician-patient interaction, the warning label is a first and central intervention. High sensation seeking individuals are at heightened risk for overlooking or ignoring symbols and warnings yet evidence exists that messages designed specifically for HSS individuals are successful and, moreover, still work with the general population. There is, therefore, an urgent need for symbols and media that convey the danger of taking teratogenic pharmaceuticals while pregnant or preconception in a clear, unambiguous manner or, at worst, that lead to no harmful misinterpretations or misconceptions. Media designed for HSS individuals should be particularly valuable In Phase I of this project, AEI will work closely with graphic designers, researchers, and evaluators, to create a series of symbols and warnings (symbols plus text) that communicate the teratogenic properties of a substance. These symbols will be developed formatively using an iterative design and working closely with target audience members. The final prototype symbol(s) and warning(s) will be evaluated in a large-scale (n=400) study implementing a one-on-one interview protocol that will draw from diverse geographic locations in order to ensure cultural, racial, ethnic, and regional utility. With the prototype symbols developed and evaluated in Phase I, Phase II will create a series of educational media modules to increase awareness of the symbols and warnings and to educate professionals and the public on teratogenicity. These materials will include a reference web-site, a set of brochures for pharmacies and practitioners, small media materials (such as posters) for display, and a video documentary. All materials will be delivered in both English and Spanish.