Opening the system to the environment: new theories and tools in classical and quantum settings

向环境开放系统：经典和量子环境中的新理论和工具

• 批准号: 2241267
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2241267
• 关键词: Opening; system; environment; new; theories

Summary: Theoretical physics PhD project in the field of quantum thermodynamics. Investigating the impact of strong coupling and quantum effects on thermodynamic properties and laws using tools from quantum information theory and statistical physics. Project details: Following initial literature review the student will be guided to understand how the global time-independent Hamiltonian gives rise to a local time-dependent Hamiltonian. The student will establish in what situations the notion of a local system Hamiltonian is sensible when the system is strongly coupled and a prescription of how to experimentally confirm its form. For the remaining situations they will be guided in seeking reasons why the association of a system Hamiltonian is in principle impossible for these cases. Based on these findings the student will then be able to reformulate laws of thermodynamics for strongly coupled open systems and identify any differences to standard thermodynamics. The developed theoretical framework will have applications for a number of recent experimental developments that push towards the strongly coupled quantum regime. Controlled nanomechanical oscillators, that are useful as mass sensors for single molecules, are exactly in this regime.

摘要：量子热力学领域的理论物理学博士项目。利用量子信息论和统计物理的工具，研究强耦合和量子效应对热力学性质和定律的影响。项目细节：在最初的文献回顾之后，学生将被引导理解全球时间无关的哈密顿量是如何产生局部时间相关的哈密顿量的。学生将建立在什么情况下，当系统强耦合时，局域系统哈密顿量的概念是合理的，以及如何通过实验确认其形式的处方。对于剩下的情况，他们将被指导寻找为什么在这些情况下系统哈密顿量的关联原则上是不可能的。基于这些发现，学生将能够重新表述强耦合开放系统的热力学定律，并识别与标准热力学的任何差异。所开发的理论框架将应用于最近一些推动强耦合量子区域的实验发展。作为单分子质量传感器的受控纳米机械振荡器正是处于这种状态。