OBJECT RECOGNITION & NAVIGATION--NORMAL & LOW VISION

物体识别

• 批准号: 6635554
• 负责人: GORDON E LEGGE
• 金额: $ 23.12万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1978
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1978-12-01 至 2005-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6635554
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; chordate locomotion; computer simulation; eye movements; form /pattern perception; human subject; memory; neural information processing; psychophysics; saccades; vision aid; vision disorders; visual feedback; visual fields; visual perception; visual threshold

DESCRIPTION (Taken from the applicant's Abstract):There are 3.5 million Americans with low vision. Many have daily problems navigating and recognizing objects around them. These problems can threaten personal independence and quality of life. There has been almost no research on low-vision object recognition or navigation. Theoretical and experimental studies in this proposal have the broad goal of understanding and ameliorating these problems. Most people with low vision contend with either visual-field loss or field restriction form magnifiers. As a result, viewing of objects or environments often requires a piecemeal search of the scene for informative details. People with normal vision use eye movements to explore scenes, especially when visibility is poor. The major theoretical goal is to develop a conceptual framework for describing visual exploration of objects and environments. We will develop Active ideal-observer models of object recognition and navigation. These models will perform optimally in a given visual task, and will serve as benchmarks for interpreting the performance of people with normal and low vision. One of the experimental goals is to study eye-movement exploration and magnifier exploration to recognize objects. What visual features and cognitive strategies guide this exploration? A second experimental goal is to determine whether training on cognitive maps can be a useful navigation aid for people with low vision. (Cognitive maps are memory representations of visual and spatial information about environments.) The team will perform psychophysical experiments in virtual and real buildings. The long-term goal is to develop a computer-based method for imparting information about building layouts to visually disabled people. In this grant, the team will study the impact of impaired vision, esp. field loss, on the formation and use of cognitive maps. Their hypothesis is that cognitive maps, although difficult to learn with visual impairment, will be esp. beneficial to people with low vision.

描述（摘自申请人摘要）：有350万人 美国人低视力许多人每天都有导航问题， 识别周围的物体。这些问题可能会威胁到个人 独立性和生活质量。几乎没有关于 低视力物体识别或导航。理论和 本提案中的实验研究的广泛目标是 了解和改善这些问题。大多数人低 视力与视野丧失或视野限制形式相抗衡 放大镜因此，对物体或环境的观察通常 需要对现场进行逐段搜索以获取有用的细节。人 视力正常的人用眼球运动来探索场景，特别是当 能见度很差。主要的理论目标是开发一个 用于描述对象的视觉探索的概念框架， 环境.我们将发展主动的理想观察者模型的对象 识别和导航。这些模型将在一个 给定的视觉任务，并将作为基准，解释 正常视力和低视力的人的表现。之一 实验目的是研究眼动探索和放大 探索以识别物体。什么视觉特征和认知 战略指导这一探索？第二个实验目标是 确定认知地图上的训练是否可以成为有用的导航 帮助视力低下的人。（认知地图就是记忆 （关于环境的视觉和空间信息的表示）。 该团队将在虚拟和真实的中进行心理物理实验 建筑长期目标是开发一种基于计算机的方法， 向视障人士提供有关建筑布局的信息 人在这项资助中，该团队将研究受损的 视觉，尤其是场丢失，对认知地图的形成和使用。 他们的假设是，认知地图，虽然很难学习， 对视力受损的人特别有益， 视野

项目成果

Light and dark bars; contrast discrimination.

亮条和暗条；

• DOI: 10.1016/0042-6989(83)90122-0
• 发表时间: 1983
• 期刊: Vision research
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Legge,GE;Kersten,D
• 通讯作者: Kersten,D

Convergence accommodation.

• DOI: 10.1364/josa.73.000332
• 发表时间: 1983
• 期刊: Journal of the Optical Society of America
• 作者: D. Kersten;G. Legge

Symmetry and constancy in the perception of negative and positive luminance contrast.

负和正亮度对比度感知的对称性和恒定性。

• DOI: 10.1364/josaa.1.000309
• 发表时间: 1984
• 期刊: Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics and image science
• 作者: Burkhardt,DA;Gottesman,J;Kersten,D;Legge,GE
• 通讯作者: Legge,GE

Variability in the Length and Frequency of Steps of Sighted and Visually Impaired Walkers

视力正常和视障步行者步长和频率的变化

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness
• 影响因子: 1.1
• 作者: Sarah J. Mason;G. Legge;C. Kallie
• 通讯作者: C. Kallie

Pictorial depth cues: a new slant.

• DOI: 10.1364/josaa.12.000017
• 发表时间: 1995
• 期刊: Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision
• 作者: G. Lee Zimmerman;Gordon E. Legge;Patrick Cavanagh