PSYCHOPHYSICS OF READING--NORMAL AND LOW VISION

阅读的心理物理学——正常视力和低视力

• 批准号: 2838253
• 负责人: GORDON E LEGGE
• 金额: $ 21.83万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1979
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1979-09-01 至 2001-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2838253
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; form /pattern perception; human subject; motion perception; psychophysics; reading; sequential perception; vision aid; vision disorders; visual fields; visual perception; visual photosensitivity; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (from abstract): There are 3.5 million Americans with low vision, most of whom have reading difficulty. Macular degeneration is the leading cause, and often results in a loss of central vision. The reading deficits of people with central-field loss is a major, unsolved health problem, and is the primary focus of this proposal. Dr. Legge and his colleagues have developed an ideal-observer model of reading that provides a theoretical basis for understanding how central-field loss affects reading. The concept of the visual span plays a key role in the model. The visual span is the number of letters that are identified in a single glance during reading. The normal visual span is limited to about 10 letters in width. This small visual span is further diminished or distorted as a consequence of eye disease. The main hypothesis underlying this proposal is that the properties of the visual span can account for much (and perhaps all) of the unexplained reading deficits from central-field loss. In four series of experiments, Dr. Legge proposes to test specific hypotheses that account for reading deficits in terms of (i) spatiotemporal properties of letter recognition across the visual span; (ii) letter interactions within the visual span; (iii) global properties of the visual span (shape and size); and (iv) the influence of linguistic and motor constraints. The research plan also includes development of two new clinical tests, one for assessing contrast deficits in reading, and the other for measuring Braille reading speed.

描述（来自摘要）：有350万美国人低 视力，其中大多数人有阅读困难。 黄斑变性是 主要原因，并经常导致中央视力丧失。 阅读 中心场损失的人的赤字是一个主要的，未解决的健康 这是问题所在，也是本次提案的重点。 Legge博士及其 同事们开发了一个理想的观察者阅读模型， 理解中心场损失如何影响阅读的理论基础。 视觉广度的概念在模型中起着关键作用。 视觉 span是在一次扫视中识别的字母数量， 阅读。 正常的视觉跨度被限制在大约10个字母的宽度。 这一小的视觉跨度是进一步减少或扭曲的结果 眼睛疾病。 这一提议的主要假设是， 视觉广度的特性可以解释大部分（也许是全部） 无法解释的中央磁场丢失导致的阅读缺陷。 在四个系列中， Legge博士建议测试特定的假设，这些假设解释了 阅读缺陷：（i）字母的时空特性 跨视觉范围的识别;（ii）字母内的互动 视觉广度;（iii）视觉广度的整体属性（形状和大小）; （iv）语言和运动限制的影响。 研究 该计划还包括开发两种新的临床测试，一种用于评估 对比度缺陷的阅读，和其他测量盲文阅读 速度