Identification and characterisation of microbial interactions in the root microbiome of Medicago truncatula to benefit plant growth

蒺藜苜蓿根部微生物组中微生物相互作用的鉴定和表征有利于植物生长

• 批准号: 2264930
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Warwick
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2264930
• 关键词: Identification; characterisation; microbial; interactions; root

Interactions between plant hosts and microbes in the endosphere have been demonstrated to have significant effects on several key plant traits for crop production including flowering phenology, tolerance to abiotic stress as well as nutrient acquisition and root growth. Many legumes, such as Medicago truncatula, form symbioses with rhizobia - nitrogen fixing bacteria - which are housed in specific 'nodule' structures that form in the roots of the legume. These microbes benefit from gaining a niche within the nodule as well as from the provision of carbon compounds. In return, the microbes fix nitrogen from the air, making it available for the plant, helping them cope with low soil nitrogen availability, such that might be present in an agricultural situation. These rhizobia and their interactions with the plant are a topic of intense current research since managing and enhancing any symbiosis could(a) increase the growth and yields of crops as well as (b) reduce global dependence for the use of environmentally and economically expensive nitrogen fertilisers.Symbiosis with rhizobia however is not a simple or isolated interaction - the root microbiome consists of an extremely complex microbial community. Interactions within this community have been shown to have both direct and indirect effects on the overall health and growth of the plant. In this project we characterise new microbial partners and co-operators which improve plant fitness, based on preliminary data from study of the rhizosphere of nodulating legumes. These microbes may benefit the plant directly or indirectly. By expanding our understanding of the complex interactions that occur within the soil microbiome we can better apply this knowledge further explore the diversity of plant growth-promoting strategies.

植物宿主和微生物之间的相互作用已被证明对作物生产的几个关键植物性状具有显着影响，包括开花物候，对非生物胁迫的耐受性以及养分吸收和根系生长。许多豆科植物，如蒺藜苜蓿，与根瘤菌（固氮菌）形成共生关系，根瘤菌被安置在豆科植物根部形成的特定“根瘤”结构中。这些微生物受益于结核内的生态位以及碳化合物的供应。作为回报，微生物从空气中固定氮，使其可用于植物，帮助它们科普低土壤氮可用性，例如可能存在于农业情况中。这些根瘤菌及其与植物的相互作用是当前研究的热点，因为管理和增强任何共生关系都可以（a）增加作物的生长和产量，以及（B）减少全球对环境和经济昂贵的氮肥的依赖。然而，与根瘤菌的共生并不是一个简单或孤立的相互作用-根微生物组由极其复杂的微生物群落组成。该群落内的相互作用已被证明对植物的整体健康和生长有直接和间接的影响。在这个项目中，我们提出了新的微生物合作伙伴和合作者，提高植物的健身，从研究的初步数据的基础上，豆科植物的根际。这些微生物可以直接或间接地有益于植物。通过扩大我们对土壤微生物组内发生的复杂相互作用的理解，我们可以更好地应用这些知识，进一步探索植物生长促进策略的多样性。