AMBIENT PARTICLES AND CARDIAC VULNERABILITY IN HUMANS

环境颗粒物与人类心脏脆弱性

• 批准号: 6525289
• 负责人: FRANK E SPEIZER
• 金额: $ 201.77万
• 依托单位: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-27 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6525289
• 关键词: air pollution; air sampling /monitoring; arrhythmia; clinical research; disease /disorder proneness /risk

Based on recent population-based studies of both morbidity and mortality, efforts have been directed toward understanding potential mechanisms whereby effects of exposure to ambient air pollutants could result in cardiovascular events. Our laboratory investigations have provided clues about potential autonomic nervous system responses that are modulated by the underlying pathophysiologic state of animals undergoing exposure to concentrated air particles. Testing these potential mechanisms in human populations requires a multidisciplinary approach joining epidemiologists, physiologists, cardiologists, ambient air monitoring specialists, and statisticians to develop protocols and carry Out investigations that will 1) characterize the physiologic state of at-risk groups; 2) mOnitOr exposure in sufficient detail to characterize and quantify the putative environmental agents; 3) make detailed and appropriately sustained measures of cardiac function that are relevant to assessing the autonomic response of the heart; and 4) correlate these potential findings with those found in animals exposed to concentrated air particles. Projects proposed will provide data on a spectrum of at-risk subjects that include patients with mild to moderately severe coronary artery disease, documented conduction defects, and elderly subjects with and without documented underlying cardiac disease. In subsequent years, we propose to expand the investigations to include other at-risk groups. Alternatively, some of these same groups of at-risk subjects can be studied in other regions of the country where the ambient particulate mix may be at higher levels or have different constituents. The projects are supported by: an Administrative and Statistical Core (Core 1) that will oversee the planning and analysis of the data; the Air Monitoring Core (Core 2) that will provide detailed characterizations and quantification of the participants' exposure; and the Cardiac Monitoring Core (Core 3) that will provide the electrocardiographic assessments. With the documentation of impacts of specific components of air pollutants on specific at-risk groups, these studies will provide additional insight into the understanding of the mechanisms whereby ambient pollution is associated with excess morbidity and mortality and may provide clues as to how to develop preventive strategies to reduce this excess.

基于最近基于人群的发病率和死亡率研究，人们致力于了解暴露于环境空气污染物的影响可能导致心血管事件的潜在机制。我们的实验室研究提供了潜在的自主神经系统反应的线索，这些反应受到暴露于浓缩空气颗粒物的动物潜在的病理生理状态的调节。在人类人群中测试这些潜在的机制需要多学科的方法，联合流行病学家、生理学家、心脏病学家、环境空气监测专家和统计学家制定方案并开展调查，以1)确定高危人群的生理状态；2)足够详细的监测暴露，以表征和量化可能的环境因素；3)对心脏功能进行详细和适当持续的测量，以评估心脏的自主神经反应；4)将这些潜在的研究结果与在暴露于高浓度空气颗粒物的动物身上发现的结果相关联。建议的项目将提供一系列高危对象的数据，包括轻度到中度严重冠状动脉疾病的患者，有记录的传导缺陷，以及有和没有有记录的潜在心脏病的老年受试者。在接下来的几年里，我们建议扩大调查范围，将其他高危群体包括在内。或者，这些高危人群中的一些可以在该国其他地区进行研究，那里的环境颗粒物混合水平可能较高或具有不同的成分。这些项目得到以下支助：行政和统计核心(核心1)将监督数据的规划和分析；空气监测核心(核心2)将提供参与者暴露在空气中的详细特征和量化；心脏监测核心(核心3)将提供心电评估。随着记录空气污染物的特定成分对特定高危人群的影响，这些研究将进一步深入了解环境污染与过度发病率和死亡率相关的机制，并可能提供关于如何制定预防战略以减少过度发病率和死亡率的线索。