THE EFFECT OF COCHLEAR LOSS ON SPECTRO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS

描述：(摘自申请人的摘要) 该项目的长期目标是了解 耳聋的听者所经历的听力障碍。该项目已 重点关注两个主要领域。第一个领域涉及到 语音跨频处理中的共调技术。在这里，我们测试 假设在低信噪比下的语音理解可能取决于 对听觉系统整合信息的能力提出批评 在给定的频率和时间与已发生的其他信息一起呈现 最近在其他光谱区域。这个问题将通过以下方式解决 研究非同时共振峰的元音感知，以及 对被同步或中断的语音的识别 跨频率异步化。这一领域的另一个主要目标是确定 在调制噪声中语音感知的部分优势是否 与解调掩码释放(CMR)相关。提出了一种新的方法 应该实现这一领域的重要进展。此外，我们将确定 语音的CMR的大小是否与 演讲材料的难度/冗余度，这是从 最近的超阈值心理声学结果。这方面的初步研究 该区域将涉及听力正常的听众。 第二个研究领域将调查耳蜗性听力损失的影响 关于精细时间信息的编码(就时间精细结构而言 和高频包络)。这样的时间编码可能是至关重要的 用于音调感知、双耳分析和语音感知。对以下内容敏感 精细的时间线索将通过音调辨别来测量未解决的 谐波和双耳间时间分辨(ITD)。我们还将 建立一种新的基于未分辨谐波的基音感知方法 作为频率函数的对时间精细结构和时间的敏感性 人类听觉系统中的包络。一旦确定，这种方法将是 用来确定听力障碍对暂时性听力障碍能力的影响 对刺激的精细结构和包络进行编码。一个主要目标将是 检验音高的单声道任务之间存在关系的假设 耳蜗性听力障碍患者的辨别能力和双耳ITD 这些措施中的一项将与言语感知表现有关。A相关 目标是测试增强的语音识别发现的 梅尼埃病患者在甘油试验中的作用是由于 对刺激的精细时间特征进行编码。

DESCRIPTION: (from applicant's abstract) The long-term aim of this project is an understanding of the causes for the hearing disability experienced by cochlear-impaired listeners. The project has two main areas of focus. The first area addresses the importance of comodulation in across-frequency processing of speech. Here we test the hypothesis that speech understanding at low signal-to-noise ratios may depend critically upon the ability of the auditory system to integrate information present at a given frequency and time with other information that has occurred recently at other spectral regions. This issue will be addressed by investigating vowel perception for nonsimultaneous formants, and the recognition of speech that is interrupted either synchronously or asynchronously across frequency. Another main goal in this area is to determine whether part of the advantage for speech perception in modulated noise is related to comodulation masking release (CMR). New methods are proposed that should realize important advances in this area. In addition, we will determine whether the magnitude of CMR for speech is related directly to the difficulty/redundancy of the speech material, a relation that is predicted from recent suprathreshold psychoacoustical results. The initial studies in this area will involve normal-hearing listeners. The second area of study will investigate the effect of cochlear hearing loss on the coding of fine temporal information (in terms of temporal fine structure and high-frequency envelope). Such temporal coding may be critically important for pitch perception, binaural analysis, and speech perception. Sensitivity to fine temporal cues will be measured via pitch discrimination for unresolved harmonics and binaural interaural time discrimination (ITD). We will also establish a new pitch perception method using unresolved harmonics to estimate sensitivity as a function of frequency to temporal fine structure and temporal envelope in the human auditory system. Once established, this method will be used to determine effects of hearing impairment on the ability to temporally code the fine structure and envelope of the stimulus. A main goal will be to test the hypothesis that there is a relation between monaural tasks of pitch discrimination and binaural ITD in cochlear-impaired listeners, and that both of these measures will be related to speech perception performance. A related goal is to test the hypothesis that the enhanced speech recognition found for Meniere's patients during the glycerol test is due to an improvement in the coding of the fine temporal features of the stimulus.