The Reception of Dreams in Early Modern Italian Popular Culture - 1450-1550.

“梦是将所有文化联系在一起的为数不多的共同经历之一，在大众文化的生产中发挥着重要作用。”然而，令人惊讶的是，很少有关于梦及其在文艺复兴时期意大利流行文化中的接受的全面研究。不仅梦的文学本身值得分析，通过对印刷文化的仔细研究，它对大众文化的影响可以与人类的共同经历和日常实践联系起来。此外，跨文化的方法是至关重要的。面对阿拉伯和伊斯兰对文艺复兴时期意大利梦文学的影响不断消失，我想研究传播和接受的过程。这项对文艺复兴时期梦文化的创新研究将有助于对意大利文艺复兴时期的愿景、灵感和天才已经丰富的历史编纂。该项目将解决一系列明确的问题。最主要的是，受欢迎的观众如何解释他们的梦，这是否影响了他们如何驾驭日常生活？其次，天主教内部关于梦的矛盾观点是如何影响人们对梦的解释的？此外，女性是如何解释她们的梦的？最后，阿拉伯文本在多大程度上影响了大众对梦的解释，观众在多大程度上意识到了这一点？关于当代和史学淡化的过程以及阿拉伯的影响是如何从大众意识中消除的，缺乏精确的研究。然而，Saif（2015）、Oberhelman（2016）和Knysh（2012）在很大程度上开创了先例，展示了我希望分析的来源如何与伊斯兰思想重叠。我的目标是为文艺复兴时期意大利和阿拉伯文学之间的跨文化交流做出贡献。在关于梦的史学文献中，鲁伏特走在最前列。Ruvoldt将梦理论的起源追溯到视觉意象的创造和生产。Ruvoldt希望将梦与“更大的社会和历史背景”联系起来，但对艺术史的强烈关注使大量文艺复兴时期的梦文学未被探索。此外，虽然林奇、克拉克的专著和编辑过的《阅读早期现代梦》试图解决早期现代社会的梦问题，但这些书无法对文艺复兴时期意大利的流行梦文化进行明确的调查。Holland（1999）提供了欧洲梦的“路线图”，但同样缺乏充分理解文艺复兴时期梦的必要细节。虽然这些作品在早期现代欧洲的梦的知识起源中仍然具有影响力，但这些研究忽略了早期现代意大利的流行接受主题。这项研究将集中在1450年到1550年之间的时期，通过检查梦手册和手册、文学散文、诗歌、日记和信件来分析社会文化对梦的接受。许多梦境手册和手册要么完全忽略了女性的梦境，要么对梦境中女性的存在提出了贬损和愤世嫉俗的观点。深入挖掘女性在梦中扮演的角色，并试图揭示女性的梦想是一个令人兴奋的机会。还将考虑变化的连续性和叙事，认识到早期现代意大利对梦的接受在一定程度上源于古代长期存在的梦传统。总之，我攻读博士学位的目的是阐明意大利历史上的一个领域，这个领域在很大程度上仍然局限于狭隘的智力研究或对视觉文化的解释。很多关于梦的研究对更广泛的史学影响不大，所以通过把我对梦的解释框架带到更广泛的社会考察中，我可以扩展和修改现有的史学。”

"Dreams are one of the few common threads of experience tying together all cultures, serving an influential purpose in the production of popular culture. Yet surprisingly, few comprehensive studies exist of dreams and their reception within popular culture in Renaissance Italy. Not only is the literature of dreams alone worthy of analysis, its impact on popular culture can be linked to common human experience and everyday practices by a close examination of print culture. Furthermore, a transcultural approach is vital. I want to investigate the process of transmission and reception in the face of continual effacement of Arabic and Islamic influence on Renaissance Italian dream literature. This innovative study of Renaissance dream culture will contribute to the already rich historiography on visions, inspiration, and genius in the Italian Renaissance. The project will address a set of defined questions. Primarily, how did popular audiences interpret their dreams, and did this shape how they navigated everyday life? Secondly, how did contradictory views of dreaming within the Catholic Church shape people's interpretations of dreams? Moreover, how did women interpret their dreams? Finally, to what extent did Arabic texts influence popular interpretations of dreams, and to what extent were audiences aware of it? There is a lack of precise study on the process of contemporary and historiographical effacement and how the Arabic influence was removed from popular consciousness. However, Saif (2015), Oberhelman (2016), and Knysh (2012) largely set the precedent in showing how the sources I wish to analyse overlap with Islamic ideas. I aim to contribute to an existing debate about the cross-cultural exchanges between Renaissance Italian and Arabic literature. Within historiographical literature on dreams, Ruvoldt is at the forefront. Ruvoldt traces the origins of dream theory to creation and production of visual imagery. Ruvoldt wished to connect dreams to a 'larger social and historical context', but the sharp focus on art history leaves vast amounts of Renaissance dream literature unexplored. Furthermore, while monographs by Lynch, Clark, and the edited collection Reading the Early Modern Dream attempt to tackle the dream in early modern societies, these books are unable to offer a defined investigation into the popular culture of dreams in Renaissance Italy. Holland (1999) provides a 'roadmap' of dreams in Europe, but again lacks the detail necessary to fully understand dreams in the Renaissance. While these works remain influential in the intellectual origins of dreams in early modern Europe, these studies have neglected themes of popular reception in early modern Italy. This study will focus on the period between 1450 and 1550, analysing the socio-cultural reception of dreams by examining dream manuals and handbooks, literary prose, poetry, diaries, and letters. Many dream manuals and handbooks also either entirely ignored the dreams of women or presented a derogative and cynical view of the presence of women in dreams. Digging deeper into the role of women in dreams and trying to uncover the dreams of women is an exciting opportunity. Continuity and narratives of change will also be considered, recognising that the reception of dreams in early modern Italy was in part born from a long-standing tradition of dreams stemming from antiquity. In summary, my aim with this PhD is to elucidate an area in Italian history which has largely remained confined to narrow intellectual studies or to interpretations of visual culture. Much work on dreams has had little impact on the wider historiography, so by bringing my interpretive framework of dreams to a wider inspection of society, I can expand and revise existing historiography."