Queering Black Internationalism: The Black Gay and Lesbian Movement in Britain, 1980-1999

酷儿黑人国际主义：英国黑人同性恋运动，1980-1999

• 批准号: 2272814
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Warwick
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2272814
• 关键词: Queering; Black; Internationalism; Gay; Lesbian

My PhD seeks to excavate a history of the black LGBTQ+ movement in Britain, 1980-2000, through utilising oral history methodology to address the absences and fragments in the archive. Historians of race and sociologists have conceived of the 1980s as a period where the black movement in Britain was ruptured by the rise of identity politics and marketisation of racial justice through the 'race relations industry' (Hall, 1989; Gilroy, 2002; Wild, 2015). Starting with Stuart Hall's (2000, p.270) observation that the masculine subject of black radical politics had been 'put into question by black women and black gay men', this project challenges this narrative of fragmentation by focusing on the internationalist and coalitional politics of black LGBTQ+ activists during the period. Studies of race (McGhee, 2005; Hall et al, 2013) have characterised 1981 as a year of uprisings, epitomised by the Brixton riots, but Britain also saw the formation of the first Lesbian and Gay Black Group in London. Britain was a nexus of queer black internationalism, with the first Zami conference held in 1985 and the Black Lesbian and Gay Centre (BLGC) organising the first International Gay and Lesbian People of Colour Conference (IGLPCC) held outside of the US in 1990. This project asks, how did black LGBTQ+ activists challenge heteronormative constructs of blackness, diaspora(s) and Britishness? How did they reimagine black feminism, black internationalism, and gay liberation?This research addresses a real lacuna in modern British studies and will bring the historiographies of black, queer and modern Britain in dialogue with one other, by deconstructing and reconfiguring narratives of post-war radical movements. I propose the concept of the queer black radical subject, reimagining Gilroy's (1993) 'Black Atlantic' to expand the remit of gender histories of black internationals and revolutionaries during the twentieth century. Through centring the diasporic consciousness and internationalist framework of the black LGBTQ+ movement in Britain, this history challenges the predominance of the US in prevailing narratives of black internationalism. This research deploys and expands the concept of black globality (Patterson and Kelley, 2000), by analysing hierarchies of gender and sexuality in the making of diaspora(s) in Britain. Instead of reproducing the temporal and geographical myopia of Black Studies in the US, or fetishizing what Stephen Tuck and Robin Kelley (2015) describe as The Other Special Relationship between black freedom movements in the US and Britain, I will examine the diasporic syncretism of black queer political cultures in late twentieth century Britain. The purpose and impact of this history extends beyond the academy. Currently, I am conducting oral history interviews for the Lottery Heritage funded Haringey Vanguard, an archive of black LGBTQ+ histories in Haringey, North London, which will be held at Bruce Castle Museum. The oral histories I will collect in my research will build upon the work of the Haringey Vanguard, expanding the black queer oral archive in Britain. I aim to construct a 'usual' past that influences activism and public memorialisation in the present and reframes the possibilities of liberation in the future.

我的博士学位旨在通过利用口述历史方法来解决档案中的缺失和碎片问题，挖掘 1980-2000 年英国黑人 LGBTQ+ 运动的历史。种族历史学家和社会学家将 20 世纪 80 年代视为英国黑人运动因身份政治的兴起和通过“种族关系产业”实现种族正义市场化而破裂的时期（Hall，1989；Gilroy，2002；Wild，2015）。从斯图尔特·霍尔（Stuart Hall，2000，p.270）的观察开始，即黑人激进政治的男性主体“受到黑人女性和黑人男同性恋者的质疑”，该项目通过关注这一时期黑人 LGBTQ+ 活动人士的国际主义和联盟政治来挑战这种分裂的叙述。种族研究（McGhee，2005；Hall 等人，2013）将 1981 年描述为起义的一年，以布里克斯顿骚乱为代表，但英国也见证了第一个男女同性恋黑人团体在伦敦的形成。英国是酷儿黑人国际主义的中心，1985 年举办了第一届扎米会议，黑人男女同性恋中心 (BLGC) 于 1990 年在美国境外举办了第一届国际同性恋有色人种会议 (IGLPCC)。该项目询问，黑人 LGBTQ+ 活动人士如何挑战黑人、侨民和英国性的异性恋规范？他们如何重新构想黑人女权主义、黑人国际主义和同性恋解放？这项研究解决了现代英国研究中的一个真正的空白，并将通过解构和重新配置战后激进运动的叙述，使黑人、酷儿和现代英国的史学相互对话。我提出了酷儿黑人激进主题的概念，重新构想了吉尔罗伊（1993）的《黑色大西洋》，以扩大二十世纪黑人国际人士和革命者的性别历史的范围。通过以英国黑人 LGBTQ+ 运动的流散意识和国际主义框架为中心，这段历史挑战了美国在黑人国际主义主流叙事中的主导地位。这项研究通过分析英国侨民的性别和性取向的等级制度，部署并扩展了黑人全球化的概念（Patterson 和 Kelley，2000）。我不会复制美国黑人研究的时间和地理短视，也不会迷恋斯蒂芬·塔克和罗宾·凯利（2015）所描述的美国和英国黑人自由运动之间的另一种特殊关系，而是研究二十世纪晚期英国黑人酷儿政治文化的流散融合。这段历史的目的和影响超出了学院的范围。目前，我正在为 Lottery Heritage 资助的 Haringey Vanguard 进行口述历史采访，这是位于伦敦北部哈林盖的黑人 LGBTQ+ 历史档案馆，该档案馆将在布鲁斯城堡博物馆举行。我在研究中收集的口述历史将以 Haringey Vanguard 的工作为基础，扩大英国黑人酷儿口述档案。我的目标是构建一个“平常”的过去，影响当前的行动主义和公众纪念活动，并重新构建未来解放的可能性。