Novel Sensor for Measurement of Blood Oxygenation

用于测量血氧饱和度的新型传感器

• 批准号: 6589160
• 负责人: RINAT O. ESENALIEV
• 金额: $ 29.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-25 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6589160
• 关键词: bioengineering /biomedical engineering; biomedical equipment development; biosensor device; brain circulation; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; clinical research; human subject; infrared spectrometry; jugular veins; monitoring device; noninvasive diagnosis; oximetry; oxygen microelectrode; oxyhemoglobin; respiratory gas analyzer

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Management of acute, life-threatening neurologic illnesses, such as severe traumatic brain injury, is facilitated by accurate and continuous monitoring of cerebral oxygenation. However, current monitoring systems are invasive, requiring either cannulation of the internal jugular venous bulb or insertion of a probe directly into the brain. Although relatively low-risk, continuous jugular venous bulb monitoring is technically arduous. Near-infrared spectroscopy, a noninvasive method of monitoring cerebral blood oxygenation, is promising, but has yet to provide quantitative measurement in adults. At present there is no system for accurate, non-invasive, and continuous monitoring of cerebral blood oxygenation. We proposed and performed in vitro and in vivo testing of a novel optoacoustie sensor that accurately and continuously measures blood oxygenation directly from the superior sagittal sinus, a structure that can easily be localized due to the high resolution of the optoacoustic technique. The optoacoustic technique is based on generation of ultrasonic (optoacoustic) waves by laser pulses and detection of these waves by a sensitive acoustic transducer. Optoacoustic monitoring of blood oxygenation utilizes well-established differences in the optical absorption coefficients of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin in the near-infrared spectral range. During our current NIH R21 project (supported under Program Announcement PA-98-050 directed at the development of innovative technologies including photoacoustic brain monitoring), we designed, built, and tested a portable, noninvasive optoacoustic system for accurate monitoring of cerebral blood oxygenation. Our in vitro and in vivo (in sheep) studies demonstrated that: (1) the parameters of the optoacoustic waves are linearly dependent on blood oxygenation; (2) the use of specially designed transducers and optoacoustic probes allows sensitive detection despite optical and acoustic attenuation by thick bone; and (3) this technique can measure blood oxygenation with high accuracy. In this grant application, we propose to further develop this sensor by testing it clinically. The specific aims of the project are: (1) to evaluate the sensor in cadavers; (2) to develop an algorithm for calculating oxygen saturation on-line in vivo in volunteers; and (3) to validate the sensor performance in a second group of volunteers. By the end of the project the sensor will be developed sufficiently to permit multi-center clinical evaluation. In addition to brain monitoring, the proposed sensor can potentially be used for local non-invasive measurement of blood oxygenation in other organs.

描述（由申请人提供）：通过准确和连续监测脑氧合，可促进急性、危及生命的神经系统疾病（如严重创伤性脑损伤）的管理。然而，目前的监测系统是侵入性的，需要颈内静脉球插管或将探针直接插入大脑。虽然相对低风险，连续颈静脉球监测技术上是艰巨的。近红外光谱法是一种无创的监测脑血氧的方法，很有前途，但尚未提供成人的定量测量。目前还没有一个准确的、无创的、连续的脑血氧监测系统。我们提出并进行了一种新型的光声传感器的体外和体内测试，该传感器直接从上级矢状窦准确连续地测量血氧，由于光声技术的高分辨率，该结构可以很容易地定位。光声技术基于通过激光脉冲产生超声波（光声）并通过灵敏的声换能器检测这些波。血氧的光声监测利用氧合血红蛋白和脱氧血红蛋白在近红外光谱范围内的光学吸收系数的公认差异。在我们目前的NIH R21项目中（在计划公告PA-98-050的支持下，旨在开发包括光声脑监测在内的创新技术），我们设计、构建并测试了一种便携式、非侵入性光声系统，用于准确监测脑血氧。我们的体外和体内（绵羊）研究表明：（1）光声波的参数与血氧呈线性相关;（2）使用专门设计的换能器和光声探头，尽管厚骨会导致光学和声学衰减，但仍能进行灵敏检测;（3）该技术可以高精度测量血氧。在这项资助申请中，我们建议通过临床测试进一步开发这种传感器。该项目的具体目标是：（1）在尸体中评估传感器;（2）开发一种用于计算志愿者体内氧饱和度的算法;（3）在第二组志愿者中验证传感器性能。到项目结束时，传感器将得到充分开发，以允许多中心临床评价。除了大脑监测，所提出的传感器可以潜在地用于其他器官中的血氧的局部非侵入性测量。