Novel Sensor for Measurement of Blood Oxygenation

用于测量血氧饱和度的新型传感器

• 批准号: 6589160
• 负责人: RINAT O. ESENALIEV
• 金额: $ 29.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-25 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6589160
• 关键词: bioengineering /biomedical engineering; biomedical equipment development; biosensor device; brain circulation; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; clinical research; human subject; infrared spectrometry; jugular veins; monitoring device; noninvasive diagnosis; oximetry; oxygen microelectrode; oxyhemoglobin; respiratory gas analyzer

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Management of acute, life-threatening neurologic illnesses, such as severe traumatic brain injury, is facilitated by accurate and continuous monitoring of cerebral oxygenation. However, current monitoring systems are invasive, requiring either cannulation of the internal jugular venous bulb or insertion of a probe directly into the brain. Although relatively low-risk, continuous jugular venous bulb monitoring is technically arduous. Near-infrared spectroscopy, a noninvasive method of monitoring cerebral blood oxygenation, is promising, but has yet to provide quantitative measurement in adults. At present there is no system for accurate, non-invasive, and continuous monitoring of cerebral blood oxygenation. We proposed and performed in vitro and in vivo testing of a novel optoacoustie sensor that accurately and continuously measures blood oxygenation directly from the superior sagittal sinus, a structure that can easily be localized due to the high resolution of the optoacoustic technique. The optoacoustic technique is based on generation of ultrasonic (optoacoustic) waves by laser pulses and detection of these waves by a sensitive acoustic transducer. Optoacoustic monitoring of blood oxygenation utilizes well-established differences in the optical absorption coefficients of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin in the near-infrared spectral range. During our current NIH R21 project (supported under Program Announcement PA-98-050 directed at the development of innovative technologies including photoacoustic brain monitoring), we designed, built, and tested a portable, noninvasive optoacoustic system for accurate monitoring of cerebral blood oxygenation. Our in vitro and in vivo (in sheep) studies demonstrated that: (1) the parameters of the optoacoustic waves are linearly dependent on blood oxygenation; (2) the use of specially designed transducers and optoacoustic probes allows sensitive detection despite optical and acoustic attenuation by thick bone; and (3) this technique can measure blood oxygenation with high accuracy. In this grant application, we propose to further develop this sensor by testing it clinically. The specific aims of the project are: (1) to evaluate the sensor in cadavers; (2) to develop an algorithm for calculating oxygen saturation on-line in vivo in volunteers; and (3) to validate the sensor performance in a second group of volunteers. By the end of the project the sensor will be developed sufficiently to permit multi-center clinical evaluation. In addition to brain monitoring, the proposed sensor can potentially be used for local non-invasive measurement of blood oxygenation in other organs.

描述（由申请人提供）：通过准确，持续监测大脑充氧的急性管理，威胁生命的神经系统疾病，例如严重的创伤性脑损伤。但是，当前的监测系统是侵入性的，需要插管颈内静脉灯泡或直接插入大脑中的插管。尽管相对较低，但在技术上，连续的颈静脉灯泡监测却很艰巨。近红外光谱是一种监测脑血氧的无创方法，有希望，但尚未提供成人的定量测量。目前，还没有对脑血氧的准确，无创和连续监测的系统。我们提出并在体外和体内进行了一种新型光学传感器的体内测试，该传感器直接从上矢状鼻窦直接测量了血液氧合，该结构由于光声技术的高分辨率而很容易地定位。光声技术基于激光脉冲的产生超声波（光声），并通过敏感的声音传感器检测这些波。血液氧合的光声监测利用了近红外光谱范围内氧和脱氧血红蛋白的光吸收系数的良好差异。在我们当前的NIH R21项目（在计划公告下支持PA-98-050，针对开发包括光声脑监测在内的创新技术），我们设计，构建和测试了一种便携式，无创的光声系统，以准确监测大脑血氧的监测。我们的体外和体内（在绵羊中）的研究表明：（1）光声波的参数是线性取决于血液氧合的； （2）尽管通过厚骨进行光学和声学衰减，但使用特殊设计的换能器和光声探针允许敏感检测； （3）该技术可以高精度测量血液氧合。在此赠款应用程序中，我们建议通过临床测试该传感器进一步开发该传感器。该项目的具体目的是：（1）评估尸体中的传感器； （2）开发一种用于在志愿者中在线计算氧饱和的算法； （3）在第二组志愿者中验证传感器性能。在项目结束时，将足够开发传感器以允许多中心临床评估。除了大脑监测外，所提出的传感器可能可能用于其他器官中血液氧合的局部非侵入性测量。