Productions of Landscape: Space, Place and the Capital of Nature in California, 1848-1917.

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Using a new theoretical model of space and place in relation to landscape my PhD will argue that closercultural and economic engagement with non-human nature propelled California to modernity. From USannexation in 1848 to the 1915 San Francisco world's fair, industrial practices and artistic expressionsincreasingly exploited the environment not through reckless consumption but careful cultivation: capitalaccumulation required it, and emerging conservationism advocated it. My MRes on northern Californianliterary landscapes from 1880-1917 outlines the space-place framework that my PhD expands into aninterdisciplinary, state-wide study. Using government reports, industrial studies, architecture plans, andperiodicals in addition to literature, my PhD treats landscapes as materialisations of environmental,economic, and cultural forces. I intertwine these diverse sources by distilling their geographies intoformative structures (space) and physical locations (place).