Understanding the regulation and function of key transcription factors in the anther tapetum.

了解花药绒毡层中关键转录因子的调节和功能。

• 批准号: 2275873
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Nottingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2275873
• 关键词: Understanding; regulation; function; key; transcription

Successful flower development and pollination is critical for yield of most crops and thus food production. However, this process is particularly vulnerable to abiotic stress, particularly high temperature, frequently resulting in reduced fertility. Producing plants capable of tolerating environmental stress, especially during pollen development is crucial to sustaining future global crop yields. The tapetum is a cell layer in the anther that is essential for viable pollen development and thus fertility. It is a metabolically highly active cell layer, that is the major source of pollen cell wall materials during pollen development and then goes through Programmed Cell Death to release wall materials onto the immature pollen grains. Significant work has occurred using the Arabidopsis model to understand gene regulation in the tapetum and shown it to be a dynamic, but highly regulated network of feed-forward and feed-backward regulatory pathways. This research is aimed at understanding the molecular pathways of tapetum gene expression that impact on pollen formation. Particular emphasis will be towards chromatin modification during pollen development, since this has been implicated as key in adaptive memory of sub lethal heat stress leading to plant tolerance of stress.

成功的花发育和授粉对大多数作物的产量和粮食生产都是至关重要的。然而，这一过程特别容易受到非生物胁迫，特别是高温的影响，经常导致生育力下降。培育能够耐受环境胁迫的植物，特别是在花粉发育期间，对于维持未来的全球作物产量至关重要。绒毡层是花药中的一层细胞层，对于有效的花粉发育和可育性是必不可少的。它是一个代谢高度活跃的细胞层，是花粉发育过程中花粉细胞壁物质的主要来源，然后经历细胞程序性死亡，将壁物质释放到未成熟的花粉粒上。利用拟南芥模型来理解绒毡层中的基因调控已经进行了重要的工作，并表明它是一个动态的、高度调控的前馈和反馈调控通路网络。本研究旨在了解绒毡层基因表达影响花粉形成的分子途径。特别强调花粉发育期间的染色质修饰，因为这被认为是亚致死热胁迫导致植物耐受逆境的适应性记忆的关键。