Understanding the impact of targeting the epigenetic regulation of lung stem cells in congenital lung disease

项目摘要 先天性肺病是一种严重的疾病，它会过早地结束许多人的生命，并危及大量健康。 对幸存的人一生的负担。先天性横隔疝(CDH)就是这样的一种 导致严重的肺发育不全(发育不良)的疾病。尽管疝气可以是 经过手术修复，肺缺陷是持续性的，导致高死亡率和复杂的长期护理。 幸存者。导致CDH的遗传因素很多，其中一些基因改变了肺部。 独立于疝气的影响而发育，显示其对正常的内在重要性 肺的生长。通过对CDH患者的基因组和转录组分析的综合，我们有 发现KMT2D和KDM6A两个基因是介导严重肺发育不全的有力候选基因。KMT2D 赖氨酸甲基转移酶2D和KDM6A(赖氨酸去甲基酶6A)是共同作用的表观遗传调控因子 它们在CDH中既可以突变，也可以下调，已知对干细胞很重要。新的 技术进步使我们能够从气管抽吸物中分离出肺上皮基底部干细胞。 招募的CDH患者和对照患者。我们将利用这些细胞来测试这些表观遗传学功能的丧失 调节剂影响这些细胞自我更新和产生分化的肺上皮的能力，并 确定它们控制的下游基因。我们的具体目标是1)确定致病因素的影响 KMT2D/KDM6A基因变异和药物干预对患者分化/自我更新的影响 来源于气管抽吸物的肺基本干细胞，以及2)定位H3K4me1和H3K27me3 KMT2D/KDM6A突变或抑制后CDH和对照基础干细胞的表观遗传学变化。 通过这种方法，我们将利用CDH的基因突破来发现 可能与一整类肺部疾病有关。这些目标将帮助我们理解 控制肺发育的机制出错，使我们能够开发治疗方法来纠正这些 有问题。

Project Summary Congenital lung diseases are serious disorders which prematurely end the lives of many and place large health burdens on surviving individuals throughout their lives. Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) is one such disease which causes severe underdevelopment (hypoplasia) of the lung. Although the hernia can be surgically repaired, the lung defects are persistent, leading to high mortality and complicated long-term care for survivors. There are many genetic factors contributing to CDH, and some of these genes change lung development independently from the effects of the hernia, showing their intrinsic importance to the normal growth of the lung. Through a synthesis of genomic and transcriptomic analyses of CDH patients we have identified two genes, KMT2D and KDM6A as strong candidates to mediate the severe lung hypoplasia. KMT2D (Lysine Methyltransferase 2D) and KDM6A (Lysine Demethylase 6A) are co-operating epigenetic regulators which can be both mutated and downregulated in CDH and are known to be important to stem cells. New technological advances have allowed us to isolate lung epithelial basal stem cells from the tracheal aspirates of recruited CDH and control patients. We will utilize these cells to test if the loss of function of these epigenetic regulators affects the ability of these cells to self-renew and generate differentiated lung epithelium, and to identify the downstream genes which they control. Our specific aims are 1) Determine the effects of pathogenic KMT2D/KDM6A genetic variants and pharmaceutical interventions on the differentiation/self-renewal of patient- derived lung basal stem cells derived from tracheal aspirates, and 2) Map the H3K4me1 and H3K27me3 epigenetic changes in CDH and control basal stem cells following mutation or inhibition of KMT2D/KDM6A. With this approach we will be taking advantage of the genetic breakthroughs in CDH to make discoveries that are potentially relevant to a whole class of lung diseases. These aims will help us understand how the mechanisms governing lung development go awry and enable us to develop therapies to correct these problems.