Cognitive and Spatial Systems in Action

描述（由申请人提供）：致力于处理物体身份的腹侧视觉处理流和编码物体位置和身体运动的背侧视觉处理流之间的区别指导了二十年来感知和行动的研究。包括我们实验室工作在内的一系列证据表明，该模型需要改进。本提案中描述的这项工作有两个总体目标。第一种方法是在计算框架内建立行动系统的模型。该模型包括两个解剖学和功能上截然不同的组成部分：由下顶叶介导的动作表征系统和由额顶叶皮层背流结构介导的动作执行系统。第二个总体目标是调和一个主要的临床综合征，意式运动失用症（IM），与最新进展的认知神经科学研究的行动。有四个具体目标。首先，我们将通过评估lM的两个亚型模型，将IM的不同表现形式与行动系统的两个组成部分联系起来。其次，通过对IM患者的研究，我们将评估身体位置和身体运动信息两种空间编码的区别。第三，我们将评估物体在表演熟练动作中的作用，以及在不同背景下使用的物体表示之间的区别。最后，我们将阐明在编程动作中使用的运动内部模型。该研究计划预计将继续有助于我们理解正常和无序动作中不同的表征和动态处理模块之间的关系，以及这些过程的神经解剖学基础。此外，它有望显著提高我们对lM的理解，lM是一种常见的临床疾病，其表现、亚型和神经解剖学底物仍然知之甚少。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The distinction between a ventral visual processing stream devoted to processing object identity and a dorsal stream coding object location and body movements guides two decades of research in perception and action. A number of lines of evidence, including work from our laboratory, suggest that the model requires refinement. This work described in this proposal has two general aims. The first is to develop a model of the action system within a computational framework. The model includes two anatomically and functionally distinct components: the action representation system, mediated by the inferior parietal lobe, and the action execution system, mediated by dorsal stream structures in fronto-parietal cortex. The second general aim is to reconcile a major clinical syndrome, ideomotor apraxia (IM), with recent advances in the cognitive neuroscientific study of action. There are four specific aims. First, we will relate the diverse presentation of IM to the two components of the action system by evaluating a two-subtype model of lM. Second, through study of patients with IM, we will assess the distinction between two types of spatial coding of body position and body movement information. Third, we will assess the roles of objects in performing skilled movements, and the distinctions between object representations used in different contexts. Finally, we will elucidate internal models of movement used in programming actions. The proposed program of research is expected to continue to contribute to our understanding of the relationship of distinct representational and dynamic processing modules in normal and disordered action, and the neuroanatomic substrate for these processes. In addition, it is expected to significantly advance our understanding of lM, a common clinical disorder whose presentation, subtypes, and neuroanatomic substrate remain poorly understood.