Cognitive and Spatial Systems in Action

描述(由申请人提供)：腹侧视觉处理流致力于处理对象身份，背侧流编码对象位置和身体运动，两者之间的区别指导了20年来知觉和行动的研究。许多证据，包括我们实验室的工作，都表明这个模型需要改进。本提案中描述的这项工作有两个总体目标。第一个是在计算框架内开发行动系统的模型。该模型包括两个在解剖和功能上截然不同的部分：由顶下叶调节的动作表征系统和由额顶皮质背侧流结构调节的动作执行系统。第二个总体目标是协调一个主要的临床综合征，理想性运动性失用(IM)，与认知神经科学的行动研究的最新进展。有四个具体目标。首先，我们将通过评估一个两个子类型的LM模型，将IM的不同表示与动作系统的两个组件联系起来。其次，通过对IM患者的研究，我们将评估身体位置和身体运动信息两种空间编码的区别。第三，我们将评估对象在执行熟练动作中的角色，以及在不同环境中使用的对象表示之间的区别。最后，我们将阐明在编程动作中使用的内部运动模型。这项拟议的研究计划有望继续有助于我们理解正常和无序动作中不同的表征和动态加工模块之间的关系，以及这些过程的神经解剖学基础。此外，它有望显著提高我们对肌萎缩侧索硬化症的了解，这是一种常见的临床疾病，其表现、亚型和神经解剖基础仍然知之甚少。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The distinction between a ventral visual processing stream devoted to processing object identity and a dorsal stream coding object location and body movements guides two decades of research in perception and action. A number of lines of evidence, including work from our laboratory, suggest that the model requires refinement. This work described in this proposal has two general aims. The first is to develop a model of the action system within a computational framework. The model includes two anatomically and functionally distinct components: the action representation system, mediated by the inferior parietal lobe, and the action execution system, mediated by dorsal stream structures in fronto-parietal cortex. The second general aim is to reconcile a major clinical syndrome, ideomotor apraxia (IM), with recent advances in the cognitive neuroscientific study of action. There are four specific aims. First, we will relate the diverse presentation of IM to the two components of the action system by evaluating a two-subtype model of lM. Second, through study of patients with IM, we will assess the distinction between two types of spatial coding of body position and body movement information. Third, we will assess the roles of objects in performing skilled movements, and the distinctions between object representations used in different contexts. Finally, we will elucidate internal models of movement used in programming actions. The proposed program of research is expected to continue to contribute to our understanding of the relationship of distinct representational and dynamic processing modules in normal and disordered action, and the neuroanatomic substrate for these processes. In addition, it is expected to significantly advance our understanding of lM, a common clinical disorder whose presentation, subtypes, and neuroanatomic substrate remain poorly understood.