Linking Health Disparities Research to Medical Education

描述(由申请人提供)： 认识到来自不同少数群体的人更有可能患有高血压和糖尿病，超重，以及因心血管疾病、哮喘和睡眠障碍而经历更高的伤残率和死亡率，NIH的心肺和血液研究所将减少健康差距作为其2003-2007年战略计划的主要目标。一个目标是要求教育和培训计划，以促进医疗保健提供者的文化能力。然而，文化能力课程往往缺乏重点，差异很大，而且指导进一步发展的评估数据有限。拟议的项目旨在纠正这些限制。总体目标是创建一套可供医学生、住院医生和医生使用的教学材料，以培养向来自不同文化、民族、种族、宗教、社会经济和语言背景的患者提供有文化能力的护理所需的能力。首席调查员将领导一个内容专家团队，并协调加州大学洛杉矶分校现有的课程开发和评估资源。课程发展将以专家协商一致小组制定的一套建议能力为指导。与新资助的少数群体健康研究、教育、培训和战略沟通中心建立密切的工作关系，将使我们能够迅速将目前关于健康差距的研究结果纳入课程。与心脏病和哮喘的预防和治疗有关的保健方面的差异将为课程材料提供实质性的基础。将编写的材料包括以问题为基础的学习案例、基于网络的练习、有针对性的实地体验，以及有重点地开发评估工具，以评估个人在知识、技能和态度方面的成长。该项目将采取跨越整个医学课程的综合方法，开发为医科本科生、住院医生和医生设计的教学材料。这些材料将在传播前进行实施、评估和完善。课程的成功开发将有助于教育未来的医生文化在与健康相关的行为中发挥的基本作用，并将使他们准备好以一种对文化敏感的方式与来自不同背景的患者互动，以减少差异。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recognizing that individuals from various minority groups are more likely to have high blood pressure and diabetes, to be overweight, and to experience higher rates of disability and death from cardiovascular disease, asthma, and sleep disorders, NIH's Heart, Lung and Blood Institute made reduction in health disparities a major goal in its 2003-2007 strategic plan. One goal calls for education and training programs to promote cultural competency among health care providers. Cultural competence curricula, however, often lack focus, vary widely, and have limited evaluation data to guide further development. The proposed project aims to correct these limitations. The overall goal is to create a set of instructional materials that can be used by medical students, residents, and physicians to develop the competencies needed to deliver culturally competent care to patients from diverse cultural, ethnic, racial, religious, socioeconomic and linguistic backgrounds. The Principal Investigator will head a team of content experts and coordinate the curriculum development and evaluation resources available at UCLA. Curricular development will be guided by a set of recommended competencies developed by an Expert Consensus Panel. A close working relationship with the newly funded Center for Research Education Training and Strategic Communication on Minority Health will permit us to bring current findings on health disparities quickly into the curriculum. Disparities in health care related to cardiac and asthma prevention and treatment will provide the substantive basis for curriculum materials. Materials to be developed include problem-based learning cases, web-based exercises, a targeted field experience, and the focused development of assessment instruments to evaluate individual's growth in knowledge, skills and attitudes. Taking a comprehensive approach spanning the entire medical curriculum, the project will develop instructional materials that are designed for undergraduate medical students, residents, and physicians. These materials will be implemented, evaluated and refined before dissemination. Successful development of the curriculum will help to educate future physicians to the fundamental role culture plays in health-related behavior and will prepare them to interact with patients from diverse backgrounds in a culturally sensitive manner that will reduce disparities.