Why Comply? European Court of Human Rights Enforcement in the United Kingdom

我建议审查联合王国为什么以及何时遵守欧洲人权法院的判决。我的目的是了解人权机构(主要是法院)和公民社会行为者如何在没有最高权威的情况下最大限度地执行《欧洲人权公约》中的权利，从而改善英国的人权记录。我的目标是找出能够改变国家行为的激励措施，例如财政和非财政补救办法，以阻止今后的侵权行为，也许是通过影响社会规范，从而改善国际法治。我的研究将分为三个阶段。首先，我将通过对12,000多个案例进行量化生存分析，确定英国最有可能遵守的情况。在第二章中，我将通过描绘决策过程和影响这些决定的社会过程，来考察英国为什么在这些情况下遵守这些决定。我认为，规范内部化的主要各方是政府、公民社会和公众。我将进行定性分析，主要是通过对公务员和立法者等主要参与者的结构化访谈，以及对媒体的分析。我也会对一项委托进行的民意调查进行量化分析。对于第三阶段，我将根据先前的调查结果，确定法院和其他机构可以采取的最有效行动，以最大限度地遵守。

I propose to examine why and when the United Kingdom complies with European Court of Human Rights judgments. My aim is to understand how human rights institutions, primarily the Court, and civil society actors can maximise the enforcement of the rights in the European Convention of Human Rights in the absence of an overarching authority and, therefore, improve the UK's human rights record. I aim to identify incentives, such as financial and non-financial remedies, that can change State behaviour so as to deter future violations, perhaps through influencing social norms, and thus improve the international rule of law. My research will have three stages. In the first, I will determine the circumstances where the UK is most likely to comply, using quantitative survival analysis on 12,000+ cases. In the second, I will examine why the UK complies in these circumstances by mapping the decision-making process and the social processes that affect these decisions. I suggest that the main parties within norm internalisation are the government, civil society and the public. I will undertake qualitative analysis, primarily through structured interviews with key players such as civil servants and legislators, as well as analysis of media. I will also carry out quantitative analysis on a commissioned public opinion poll. For the third stage, I will identify the most effective action the Court and other institutions can take to maximise compliance, based on the earlier findings.