Prevalence and patterns of social isolation across the life-course in populations living with impairment

社会联系或社会资本对人们的心理和身体健康至关重要。一直以来，有残疾的人接触非正式社会交往的机会比较有限，因此他们面临社会资本减少和社会孤立的风险。社会和政治话语的变化改变了社会对残疾的看法，即从个人和社会创造因素的相互作用中产生的“个人经验”。迄今为止，还没有对患有不同类型障碍的人所经历的社会孤立程度进行比较研究。该项目旨在通过研究由于其特定缺陷与社会/环境结构相互作用的方式而最有可能被社会孤立的人的特征来填补这一空白。拟议的研究还旨在比较障碍人群中社会隔离的调节者和调节者的模式，并探索这些模式是否会在整个生命过程中发生变化。方法：利用ICF残疾模型的理论框架，我想对生活机会调查（第1、2、3波）进行二次数据分析，以：-构建社会孤立/社会联系的衡量标准；-根据其根本原因确定社会隔离类型；-探索最有可能被社会孤立的人的特征；-比较残疾人与非残疾人所经历的社会孤立的普遍性和性质；-探索社会孤立程度如何随时间变化，以及引起这种变化的主要风险/保护因素是什么；-检查是否有任何个人/环境风险/保护因素的特定模式在障碍中重叠。

Social connectedness or social capital is of vital importance for people's psychological and physical welfare. It has been consistently shown that people living with impairments have a more limited access to informal social interactions and as a result they are at risk of decreased social capital and social isolation. Changes in the social and political discourse have shifted social attitudes towards a perception of disability in terms of 'personal experience' arising from the interactions of individual and socially created factors. Up to date, no comparative research has been conducted on the levels of social isolation experienced by people living with different types of impairments. This project aims to fill this gap by examining the characteristics of people who are most at risk of social isolation due to the way their specific impairment interacts with social/environmental structures. The proposed research also aims to compare the patterns of mediators and moderators underlying social isolation across groups of people with impairments and explore if these patterns change across the life-course.Methods:Using the theoretical framework of the ICF model of disability, I would like to conduct secondary data analysis on the Life Opportunities Survey (waves 1,2,3) to:- Construct a measure of social isolation/social connectedness;- Create a typology of social isolation defined by its underlying reasons;- Explore the characteristics of those who are most at risk of social isolation;- Compare the prevalence and nature of social isolation experienced by disabled people to that experienced by the non-disabled population;- Explore how the degree of social isolation changes over time, and what are the key risk/protective factors eliciting this change;- Examine if there are any specific patterns of personal/ environmental risk/protective factors that overlap across impairments.